ArticleMalaria journal2018
Methylene blue induced morphological deformations in Plasmodium falciparum gametocytes: implications for transmission-blocking.
Article in Malaria journal, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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15 citing papers in PubMed.
- The inducible gametocyte producer (iGP1) strain is well-suited to produce both immature and mature gametocytes for subsequent drug sensitivity profiling.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Methylene blue treatment of fatal cerebral malaria and identification of potential blood biomarkers.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Biological evaluation of novel side chain containing CQTrICh-analogs as antimalarials and their development asHeliyon · 2024Article
- Isoliensinine from Cissampelos pariera rhizomes exhibits potential gametocytocidal and anti-malarial activities against Plasmodium falciparum clinical isolates.Malaria journal · 2023Article
- The activity of methylene blue against asexual and sexual stages ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Article
- Targeting Artemisinin-Resistant Malaria by Repurposing the Anti-Hepatitis C Virus Drug Alisporivir.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2022Article
- Rapid and Specific Action of Methylene Blue againstPharmaceutics · 2022Article
- Methylene Blue-Based Combination Therapy with Amodiaquine Prevents Severe Malaria in an Experimental Rodent Model.Pharmaceutics · 2022Article
- Characterization of an AtypicalInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Absence of Association between Methylene Blue Reduced Susceptibility and Polymorphisms in 12 Genes Involved in Antimalarial Drug Resistance in AfricanPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- In vitro reduction of Plasmodium falciparum gametocytes: Artemisia spp. tea infusions vs. artemisinin.Journal of ethnopharmacology · 2021Article
- Targeting Gametocytes of the Malaria ParasitePathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Investigation of factors affecting the production of3 Biotech · 2021Article
- Docking predictions basedBMC chemistry · 2019Article
- Article
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6 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundMalaria remains a global health problem despite availability of effective tools. For malaria elimination, drugs targeting sexual stages of Plasmodium falciparum need to be incorporated in treatment regimen along with schizonticidal drugs to interrupt transmission. Primaquine is recommended as a transmission blocking drug for its effect on mature gametocytes but is not extensively utilized because of associated safety concerns among glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficient patients. In present work, methylene blue, which is proposed as an alternative to primaquine is investigated for its gametocytocidal activity amongst Indian field isolates. An effort has been made to establish Indian field isolates of P. falciparum as in vitro model for gametocytocidal drugs screening.
methodsPlasmodium falciparum isolates were adapted to in vitro culture and induced to gametocyte production by hypoxanthine and culture was enriched for gametocyte stages using N-acetyl-glucosamine. Gametocytes were incubated with methylene blue for 48 h and stage specific gametocytocidal activity was evaluated by microscopic examination.
resultsPlasmodium falciparum field isolates RKL-9 and JDP-8 were able to reproducibly produce gametocytes in high yield and were used to screen gametocytocidal drugs. Methylene blue was found to target gametocytes in a concentration dependent manner by either completely eliminating gametocytes or rendering them morphologically deformed with mean IC
conclusionsField isolates that produce gametocytes in high yield in vitro can be identified and used to screen gametocytocidal drugs. These isolates should be used for validation of gametocytocidal hits obtained previously by using lab adapted reference strains. Methylene blue was found to target gametocytes produced from Indian field isolates and is proposed to be used as a gametocytocidal adjunct with artemisinin-based combination therapy. Further exploration of methylene blue in clinical studies amongst Indian population, including G6PD deficient patients, is recommended.
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