Observational studyEuropean spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society2018
Text neck and neck pain in 18-21-year-old young adults.
Observational study in European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05261698 (Effects of Routine Physical Therapy With and Without Home-Based Exercise Manual on Pain and Disability in Patients of Postural Neck Pain), which is not on this map. Cited by 24 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effects of Routine Physical Therapy With and Without Home-Based Exercise Manual on Pain and Disability in Patients of Postural Neck Pain: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 117 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comprehensive effects and dose-response relationship of screen exposure on university students' physical and mental health and academic performance in the digital age: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC public health · 2026Pooled it
- Sedentary behavior and neck pain in children and adolescents; a systematic review and meta-analysis.Health promotion perspectives · 2022Pooled it
- Efficacy of Scapular Functional and Cervical Isometric Exercises in the Management of Chronic Mechanical Neck Pain: A Randomized Comparative Trial.Pain research & management · 2024Trial
- Smartphone addiction, nomophobia, and neck-related functional disability among undergraduate students in a Nigerian University: a cross-sectional study.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Global, Regional, and National Burdens of Neck Pain in Adolescents and Young Adults Aged 10-24 Years From 1990 to 2021: A Population-Based Study.Pain research & management · 2026Article
- The effect of smartphone texting on cervical spine sagittal alignment in healthy young adults.Journal of spine surgery (Hong Kong) · 2025Article
- The association between mobile phone usage duration, neck muscle endurance, and neck pain among university students.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Article
- Text neck is not associated with neck and upper limb disability in young adults who use smartphones.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2024Observational
- Prevalence of text neck syndrome, its impact on neck dysfunction, and its associated factors among medical students: A cross-sectional study.Work (Reading, Mass.) · 2024Article
- Defining text neck: a scoping review.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2023Article
- Prevalence of Upper Limb Musculoskeletal Disorders and Their Association with Smartphone Addiction and Smartphone Usage among University Students in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia during the COVID-19 Pandemic-A Cross-Sectional Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Letter to the Editor concerning "Neck pain associated with smartphone overuse: cross-sectional report of a cohort study among office workers" by Derakhshanrad N, et al. (Eur Spine J. 2020 doi: 10.1007/s00586-020-06640-z).European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2022Article
- The Prevalence and Associated Factors of Neck Pain among Ministry of Health Office Workers in Saudi Arabia: A Cross Sectional Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Exercise rehabilitation for neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome: a scoping review.The Journal of the Canadian Chiropractic Association · 2022Article
- Back Pain and Body Posture Evaluation Instrument for Children and Adolescents (BackPEI-CA): Expansion, Content Validation, and Reliability.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Quality of online video resources concerning patient education for neck pain: A YouTube-based quality-control study.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
- Article
- Influence of physical activity and postural habits in schoolchildren with scoliosis.Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique · 2021Article
- Need of the Hour.Journal of lifestyle medicine · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeThe aim of this study was to investigate whether there is an association between text neck and neck pain in young adults.
methodsObservational cross-sectional study with 150 18-21-year-old young adults from a public high school in the state of Rio de Janeiro was performed. In the self-report questionnaire, the participants answered questions on sociodemographic factors, anthropometric factors, time spent texting or playing on a mobile phone, visual impairments, and concern with the body posture. The neck posture was assessed by participants' self-perception and physiotherapists' judgment during a mobile phone texting message task. The Young Spine Questionnaire was used to evaluate the neck pain. Four multivariate logistic regression models were fitted to investigate the association between neck posture during mobile phone texting and neck pain, considering potential confounding factors.
resultsThere is no association between neck posture, assessed by self-perception, and neck pain (OR = 1.66, p = 0.29), nor between neck posture, assessed by physiotherapists' judgment, and neck pain (OR = 1.23, p = 0.61). There was also no association between neck posture, assessed by self-perception, and frequency of neck pain (OR = 2.19, p = 0.09), nor between neck posture, assessed by physiotherapists' judgment, and frequency of neck pain (OR = 1.17, p = 0.68).
conclusionThis study did not show an association between text neck and neck pain in 18-21-year-old young adults. The findings challenge the belief that neck posture during mobile phone texting is associated to the growing prevalence of neck pain.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.