ArticleVaccine2018
Antibody responses among adolescent females receiving two or three quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine doses at standard and prolonged intervals.
Article in Vaccine, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT00524745 (Comparison of the Immunogenicity and Reactogenicity of Alternative Schedules of Gardasil Vaccine to Prevent HPV Infection), which is not on this map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Comparison of the Immunogenicity and Reactogenicity of Alternative Schedules of Gardasil Vaccine to Prevent HPV Infection
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immunogenicity of anHuman vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2020Trial
- Long intervals between two doses of HPV vaccines and magnitude of the immune response: aHuman vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2019Trial
- Historical Advances in Clinical Trial Design and Expanding Representation as the New Frontier for Innovation.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2025Article
- Vaccine and Treatment Evaluation Units: A Historical Perspective.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2025Article
- Delayed dosing intervals for quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine do not reduce antibody avidity.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
15 authors at 10 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe originally recommended dosing schedule, 0, 2, 6 months, for the 3-dose quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine (4vHPV) was often not followed, resulting in longer than recommended intervals between doses and interest in the effect of prolonged intervals. Recent two-dose recommendations require investigations into the effect of delaying dose 2.
methodsThis multi-site, prospective study enrolled healthy 9-17 year old girls (n = 1321) on the day of or within 28 days following a third dose of 4vHPV vaccination. Antibody titers to 4vHPV types were measured at one and six months post-dose 3 from all participants and post-dose 2 from participants who were on time for dose 3. To compare antibody responses, participants were categorized into groups: second and third doses on time (control group); on-time dose 2, substantially late dose 3 (group 2); substantially late dose 2, on-time dose 3 (group 3); both doses substantially late (group 4). Analyses compared age-adjusted geometric mean titers (GMTs) at one-month and six-months post-dose 3, effect of delaying the second dose, and two versus three doses as well as post-dose 2 GMTs, stratified by age.
resultsCompared to on-time dosing, one-month post-dose 3 GMTs were non-inferior in groups 2, 3, and 4 and were superior in group 2. Six month post-dose 3 GMTs were superior in groups 2, 3, and 4 for each genotype, except HPV 18 in group 3. Age-adjusted post does 2 titers were significantly lower than post-dose 3 titers when dose 2 was on time but were significantly higher when dose 2 was substantially late. Participants ≥15 years old had no difference in post-dose 2 titers compared to <15 year olds when dose 2 was substantially delayed.
conclusionsProlonged intervals between doses do not appear to diminish and may enhance antibody response to 4vHPV. ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT00524745).
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.