ArticleCell death and differentiation2018
Consensus molecular subtypes of colorectal cancer are recapitulated in in vitro and in vivo models.
Article in Cell death and differentiation, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 120 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
120 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Tumor microenvironment-aware, single-transcriptome prediction of microsatellite instability in colorectal cancer using meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2022Pooled it
- Continuity of transcriptomes among colorectal cancer subtypes based on meta-analysis.Genome biology · 2018Pooled it
- Identification of PLXNC1 as a novel biomarker for consensus molecular subtype 4 in colorectal cancer.Genes & diseases · 2026Article
- Article
- Understanding the Tumor Microenvironmental Mechanisms Driving Immunotherapy Resistance in Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastases.Oncology research · 2026Review
- Mesenchymal Colorectal Cancers Secrete Vesicles With Unique Cargo That Can Be Used for Liquid Biopsy Based Diagnostics.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2025Article
- The aggressive colorectal cancer subtype marker HTR2B has a dual role depending on the tumor microenvironment.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2025Article
- A review on multi-omics integration for aiding study design of large scale TCGA cancer datasets.BMC genomics · 2025Review
- Valproic acid improves the efficacy of oxaliplatin/fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy by targeting cancer stem cell via β-Catenin modulation in colorectal cancer.Cell death & disease · 2025Article
- Exosomes: a potential tool in the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of patients with colorectal cancer.Future oncology (London, England) · 2025Review
- Downregulation of cGAS/STING expression in tumor cells by cancer-associated fibroblasts in colorectal cancer.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Molecular and functional profiling unravels targetable vulnerabilities in colorectal cancer.Molecular oncology · 2025Article
- Mutational Patterns in Colorectal Cancer: Do PDX Models Retain the Heterogeneity of the Original Tumor?International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Clonal dispersal is associated with tumor heterogeneity and poor prognosis in colorectal cancer.iScience · 2025Article
- Enterocyte-like differentiation defines metabolic gene signatures of CMS3 colorectal cancers and provides therapeutic vulnerability.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Gut microbial subtypes and clinicopathological value for colorectal cancer.Cancer medicine · 2024Article
- From Crypts to Cancer: A Holistic Perspective on Colorectal Carcinogenesis and Therapeutic Strategies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- The Roles of RAC1 and RAC1B in Colorectal Cancer and Their Potential Contribution to Cetuximab Resistance.Cancers · 2024Review
- Molecular subtypes of colorectal cancer in the era of precision oncotherapy: Current inspirations and future challenges.Cancer medicine · 2024Review
- Clinical Challenges of Consensus Molecular Subtype CMS4 Colon Cancer in the Era of Precision Medicine.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2024Review
60 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
21 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a highly heterogeneous disease both from a molecular and clinical perspective. Several distinct molecular entities, such as microsatellite instability (MSI), have been defined that make up biologically distinct subgroups with their own clinical course. Recent data indicated that CRC can be best segregated into four groups called consensus molecular subtypes (CMS1-4), each of which has a unique biology and gene expression pattern. In order to develop improved, subtype-specific therapies and to gain insight into the molecular wiring and origin of these subtypes, reliable models are needed. This study was designed to determine the heterogeneity and identify the presence of CMSs in a large panel of CRC cell lines, primary cultures and patient-derived xenografts (PDX). We provide a repository encompassing this heterogeneity and moreover describe that a large part of the models can be robustly assigned to one of the four CMSs, independent of the stromal contribution. We subsequently validate our CMS stratification by functional analysis which for instance shows mesenchymal enrichment in CMS4 and metabolic dysregulation in CMS3. Finally, we observe a clear difference in sensitivity to chemotherapy-induced apoptosis, specifically between CMS2 and CMS4. This relates to the in vivo efficacy of chemotherapy, which delays outgrowth of CMS2, but not CMS4 xenografts. Combined our data indicate that molecular subtypes are faithfully modelled in CRC cell cultures and PDXs, representing tumour cell intrinsic and stable features. This repository provides researchers with a platform to study CRC using the existing heterogeneity.
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