Trial reportPloS one2018
Combined evaluation of sexually transmitted infections in HIV-infected pregnant women and infant HIV transmission.
Trial report in PloS one, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT00099359 (Phase III Randomized Trial of the Safety and Efficacy of Three Neonatal Antiretroviral Regimens for Prevention of Intrapartum HIV-1 Transmission), which is not on this map. Cited by 32 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Phase III Randomized Trial of the Safety and Efficacy of Three Neonatal Antiretroviral Regimens for Prevention of Intrapartum HIV-1 Transmission
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 60 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence of curable STIs and bacterial vaginosis during pregnancy in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Sexually transmitted infections · 2022Pooled it
- The Congenital Syphilis Surge: Clinician Lessons to Turn the Rising Tide.Advances in pediatrics · 2026Review
- Cytomegalovirus and HIV Co-Infections During Pregnancy and Early Childhood.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2026Review
- Syphilis in pregnant women living with HIV/AIDS in Brazil and the relationship between coinfection and mother-to-child transmission of HIV.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Sexually transmitted infections and bacterial vaginosis and preterm birth in pregnant people living with HIV: A population-based cohort study.International journal of STD & AIDS · 2025Article
- Prenatal syphilis and adverse pregnancy outcomes in women with HIV receiving ART in Brazil: a population-based study.Lancet regional health. Americas · 2024Article
- Characterization of Self-reported Improvements in Knowledge and Health Among Users of Flo Period Tracking App: Cross-sectional Survey.JMIR mHealth and uHealth · 2023Article
- Sexually Transmitted Infections in Pregnant People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus: Temporal Trends, Demographic Correlates, and Association With Preterm Birth.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2022Article
- Article
- From a drought to HIV: An analysis of the effect of droughts on transactional sex and sexually transmitted infections in Malawi.SSM - population health · 2022Article
- Evaluating the diagnosis and treatment of Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae in pregnant women to prevent adverse neonatal consequences in Gaborone, Botswana: protocol for the Maduo study.BMC infectious diseases · 2022Article
- Significant Associations betweenInfectious diseases in obstetrics and gynecology · 2022Article
- Seroprevalence and associated factors of maternal cytomegalovirus in Southern Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study.BMJ open · 2021Article
- Prospective cohort study of children exposed to hepatitis C virus through a pregnancy screening program.International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases · 2021Article
- Prevalence, incidence and associated risk factors of STIs during pregnancy in South Africa.Sexually transmitted infections · 2021Observational
- Clinical presentation of congenital syphilis in a rotavirus vaccine cohort study in Lusaka: a case series.Journal of medical case reports · 2021Article
- Nonviral sexually transmitted infections in pregnancy: current controversies and new challenges.Current opinion in infectious diseases · 2021Review
- Understanding Viral and Immune Interplay During Vertical Transmission of HIV: Implications for Cure.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Maternal HIV and syphilis are not syndemic in Brazil: Hot spot analysis of the two epidemics.PloS one · 2021Article
- Sexually transmitted infections in pregnant women from sub-Saharan Africa.Southern African journal of infectious diseases · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
28 authors at 19 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundSexually transmitted infections (STIs) including Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG), Treponema pallidum (TP), and cytomegalovirus (CMV) may lead to adverse pregnancy and infant outcomes. The role of combined maternal STIs in HIV mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) was evaluated in mother-infant pairs from NICHD HPTN 040. METHODOLOGY: Urine samples from HIV-infected pregnant women during labor were tested by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for CT, NG, and CMV. Infant HIV infection was determined by serial HIV DNA PCR testing. Maternal syphilis was tested by VDRL and confirmatory treponemal antibodies.
resultsA total of 899 mother-infant pairs were evaluated. Over 30% had at least one of the following infections (TP, CT, NG, and/or CMV) detected at the time of delivery. High rates of TP (8.7%), CT (17.8%), NG (4%), and CMV (6.3%) were observed. HIV MTCT was 9.1% (n = 82 infants). HIV MTCT was 12.5%, 10.3%, 11.1%, and 26.3% among infants born to women with CT, TP, NG or CMV respectively. Forty-two percent of HIV-infected infants were born to women with at least one of these 4 infections. Women with these infections were nearly twice as likely to have an HIV-infected infant (aOR 1.9, 95% CI 1.1-3.0), particularly those with 2 STIs (aOR 3.4, 95% CI 1.5-7.7). Individually, maternal CMV (aOR 4.4 1.5-13.0) and infant congenital CMV (OR 4.1, 95% CI 2.2-7.8) but not other STIs (TP, CT, or NG) were associated with an increased risk of HIV MTCT.
conclusionHIV-infected pregnant women identified during labor are at high risk for STIs. Co-infection with STIs including CMV nearly doubles HIV MTCT risk. CMV infection appears to confer the largest risk of HIV MTCT.
trial registrationNCT00099359.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.