ReviewThe British journal of radiology2019
Nitroimidazoles as hypoxic cell radiosensitizers and hypoxia probes: misonidazole, myths and mistakes.
Review in The British journal of radiology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 59 citations in OpenAlex.
- 2-Alkyl Furans Undergo Radiolytic Oxidative Protein Cross-Linking.Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2026Article
- Review
- Theranostic Nanoparticles in Prostate Cancer: Disrupting Hypoxia-Induced Glycolysis by Targeting Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1 Alpha and Downstream Metabolites.Cancer medicine · 2026Review
- Article
- Radiation Therapy Personalization in Cancer Treatment: Strategies and Perspectives.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Article
- Novel Prodrug Strategies for the Treatment of Tuberculosis.Chemistry, an Asian journal · 2024Review
- Ferroptosis in glioma therapy: advancements in sensitizing strategies and the complex tumor-promoting roles.Brain research · 2024Review
- Evaluating Tumor Hypoxia Radiosensitization Via Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Oxygen Imaging (EPROI).Molecular imaging and biology · 2024Article
- Tumour response to hypoxia: understanding the hypoxic tumour microenvironment to improve treatment outcome in solid tumours.Frontiers in oncology · 2024Review
- Targeting DNA topoisomerase IIα (TOP2A) in the hypoxic tumour microenvironment using unidirectional hypoxia-activated prodrugs (uHAPs).IUBMB life · 2023Review
- Review
- Functionalized Nitroimidazole Scaffold Construction and Their Pharmaceutical Applications: A 1950-2021 Comprehensive Overview.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- In Situ Reactivity of Electrochemically Generated Nitro Radical Anion on Tinidazole and Its Monomeric and Dimeric CuACS omega · 2022Article
- Combining Nanocarrier-Assisted Delivery of Molecules and Radiotherapy.Pharmaceutics · 2022Review
- Targeted and Non-Targeted Mechanisms for Killing Hypoxic Tumour Cells-Are There New Avenues for Treatment?International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Article
- Exploiting DNA repair pathways for tumor sensitization, mitigation of resistance, and normal tissue protection in radiotherapy.Cancer drug resistance (Alhambra, Calif.) · 2021Article
- Application of Radiosensitizers in Cancer Radiotherapy.International journal of nanomedicine · 2021Review
- Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of 1Beilstein journal of organic chemistry · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Nitroimidazoles have been extensively explored as hypoxic cell radiosensitizers but have had limited clinical success, with efficacy restricted by toxicity. However, they have proven clinically useful as probes for tumour hypoxia. Both applications, and probably much of the dose-limiting toxicities, reflect the dominant chemical property of electron affinity or ease of reduction, associated with the nitro substituent in an aromatic structure. This single dominant property affords unusual, indeed extraordinary flexibility in drug or probe design, suggesting further development is possible in spite of earlier limitations, in particular building on the benefit of hindsight and an appreciation of errors made in earlier studies. The most notable errors were: the delay in viewing cellular thiol depletion as a likely common artefact in testing
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.