ArticleEye (London, England)2018
Cigarette smoking and glaucoma in the United States population.
Article in Eye (London, England), 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed.
- Smoking and Risk of Vision Threatening Complications: A Global Database Analysis.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Article
- Parkinson's disease incidence in glaucoma patients from israel: insights from a 20-year follow-up sample.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2025Article
- Former smoking as a risk factor for visual field progression in exfoliation glaucoma patients in Sweden.European journal of ophthalmology · 2024Article
- Migraine headache and other risk factors associated with glaucoma among the adult population living in Armenia: a case-control study.International ophthalmology · 2024Article
- Association between lifestyle habits and glaucoma incidence: a retrospective cohort study.Eye (London, England) · 2023Article
- Impact of smoking on choroidal microvasculature dropout in glaucoma: a cross-sectional study.BMJ open ophthalmology · 2023Article
- Genetic Associations Between Smoking- and Glaucoma-Related Traits.Translational vision science & technology · 2023Article
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- Impact of Smoking on Visual Field Progression in a Long-term Clinical Follow-up.Ophthalmology · 2022Article
- Smoking Cessation May Reduce Risk of Visual Field Progression in Heavy Smokers.Journal of glaucoma · 2022Article
- Effects of Smoking on Optic Nerve Head Microvasculature Density in Glaucoma.Journal of glaucoma · 2022Article
- Histopathological analysis of residual lens cells in capsular opacities after cataract surgery using objective software.Indian journal of ophthalmology · 2022Article
- Role of Oxidative Stress in Retinal Disease and the Early Intervention Strategies: A Review.Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity · 2022Review
- Primary Open Angle Glaucoma and Vascular Risk Factors: A Review of Population Based Studies from 1990 to 2019.Journal of clinical medicine · 2020Review
- Identifying Modifiable Risk Factors for Glaucoma.Journal of current ophthalmologyReview
- Psychological Distress Associated With Suicidal Ideation Among Glaucoma Patients Attending at Tertiary Eye Care Clinic, Gondar, Ethiopia.SAGE open nursingArticle
- Prevalence of Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma and its Relationship with Smoking in the Population of the Azar Cohort: A Cross-Sectional Study.Middle East African journal of ophthalmologyArticle
- Smoking Is Associated with Higher Intraocular Pressure Regardless of Glaucoma: A Retrospective Study of 12.5 Million Patients Using the Intelligent Research in Sight (IRIS®) Registry.Ophthalmology. GlaucomaArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
PurposeTo evaluate the association between cigarette smoking and glaucoma in the United States population.Patients and methodsUS civilian, non-institutionalized population from 2005 to 2008 administrations of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey that were ≥40 years of age with visual fields and optic disc photographs were included. Diagnosis of glaucoma was based on the Rotterdam criteria. Logistic regression modeling was performed to assess the association between glaucoma and smoking history, while controlling for age, gender, ethnicity, household income, alcohol consumption, diabetes, and hypertension.ResultsIn 3864 participants, 212 (5.5%) had glaucoma (corresponds to a population weighted glaucoma prevalence of 3.7% in a total of 83 570 127 subjects). Population weighted proportion of current smokers was 20.6% and ex-smokers was 28.3%. Participants with glaucoma were older (63.0±11.6 vs 56.1±11.2, P=0.002), likely to be male (57.1% vs 49.2%, P=0.03), to be Black (36.3% vs 20.7%, P<0.001), and to have diabetes (18.9% vs 12.4%, P=0.006) and hypertension (50.5% vs 39.7%, P=0.003). Current smokers had a lower odds of glaucoma compared to non-smokers (OR=0.61, 95% CI=0.41-0.88, P=0.009), and ex-smokers (OR=0.46, 95% CI=0.28-0.76, P=0.002). The effect estimates were similar in adjusted models, but not statistically significant. Among smokers, greater pack/day of smoking history was associated with statistically significantly higher odds of glaucoma (OR=1.70, 95% CI=1.08-2.67, P=0.02).ConclusionsAmong cigarette smokers, heavy smoking defined by greater number of pack of cigarettes smoked per day is associated with higher odds of glaucoma. Health care providers should include this association when counseling patients on their smoking habit.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.