ReviewMolecular brain2018
Warburg effect hypothesis in autism Spectrum disorders.
Review in Molecular brain, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 48 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
48 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 92 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Meta-analysis of Gut Microbiota in Children with Autism.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2022Pooled it
- The Role of Gut Microbiota in Gastrointestinal Symptoms of Children with ASD.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2019Pooled it
- Biomimetic Brain-Targeted Delivery of Esterified XAV939 for Treating Autism-Associated Social Deficits.Pharmaceutics · 2026Article
- Phytochemicals with potential NMDAR-inhibitory activities: a review of neuroprotective mechanisms against excitotoxicity.Saudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society · 2026Review
- The Immune System and the Plural Autisms: A Narrative Review.Journal of personalized medicine · 2026Review
- Regulation of Autophagy and Metabolism in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Involvement of Wnt-β-Catenin Pathway.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2026Article
- Autism-Associated Gut Microbiota-DerivedPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- RVG engineered extracellular vesicles-transmitted miR-137 improves autism by modulating glucose metabolism and neuroinflammation.Molecular psychiatry · 2025Article
- Single-cell analysis of dup15q syndrome reveals developmental and postnatal molecular changes in autism.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Cannabinoids as Multitarget Drugs for the Treatment of Autoimmunity in Glaucoma.ACS pharmacology & translational science · 2025Review
- The molecular mechanisms underlying retinal ganglion cell apoptosis and optic nerve regeneration in glaucoma (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2025Review
- Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles alleviate autism by regulating microglial glucose metabolism reprogramming and neuroinflammation through PD-1/PD-L1 interaction.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2025Article
- Metabolic shift toward ketosis in asocial cavefish increases social-like affinity.BMC biology · 2023Article
- A functional account of stimulation-based aerobic glycolysis and its role in interpreting BOLD signal intensity increases in neuroimaging experiments.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2023Review
- Comparative Analysis of Heart Regeneration: Searching for the Key to Heal the Heart-Part II: Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiac Regeneration.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2023Review
- Alterations of Purinergic Receptors Levels and Their Involvement in the Glial Cell Morphology in a Pre-Clinical Model of Autism Spectrum Disorders.Brain sciences · 2023Article
- Axin2 coupled excessive Wnt-glycolysis signaling mediates social defect in autism spectrum disorders.EMBO molecular medicine · 2023Article
- Independent and joint association of cord plasma pantothenate and cysteine levels with autism spectrum disorders and other neurodevelopmental disabilities in children born term and preterm.Precision nutrition · 2023Article
- Canagliflozin alleviates valproic acid-induced autism in rat pups: Role of PTEN/PDK/PPAR-γ signaling pathways.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Article
- Approaches to investigating metabolism in human neurodevelopment using organoids: insights from intestinal and cancer studies.Development (Cambridge, England) · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disease which is characterized by a deficit in social interactions and communication with repetitive and restrictive behavior. In altered cells, metabolic enzymes are modified by the dysregulation of the canonical WNT/β-catenin pathway. In ASD, the canonical WNT/β-catenin pathway is upregulated. We focus this review on the hypothesis of Warburg effect stimulated by the overexpression of the canonical WNT/β-catenin pathway in ASD. Upregulation of WNT/β-catenin pathway induces aerobic glycolysis, named Warburg effect, through activation of glucose transporter (Glut), pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2), pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1(PDK1), monocarboxylate lactate transporter 1 (MCT-1), lactate dehydrogenase kinase-A (LDH-A) and inactivation of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDH). The aerobic glycolysis consists to a supply of a large part of glucose into lactate regardless of oxygen. Aerobic glycolysis is less efficient in terms of ATP production than oxidative phosphorylation because of the shunt of the TCA cycle. Dysregulation of energetic metabolism might promote cell deregulation and progression of ASD. Warburg effect regulation could be an attractive target for developing therapeutic interventions in ASD.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.