ArticleBMC ophthalmology2018
Epithelial changes with corneal punctate epitheliopathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus and their correlation with time to healing.
Article in BMC ophthalmology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed.
- Beyond the Surface: Revealing the Concealed Effects of Hyperglycemia on Ocular Surface Homeostasis and Dry Eye Disease.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Review
- Methods for the evaluation of corneal nerve fibres in diabetes mellitus by in vivo confocal microscopy: a scoping review.BMJ open · 2025Article
- Tear proteomics reveals expressed proteins and potential pathways associated with diabetic keratopathy.Eye (London, England) · 2025Article
- Non-contact confocal calcium imaging ofBiomedical optics express · 2025Article
- Evaluation of Corneal Epithelial Thickness Across Different Stages of Diabetic Retinopathy Using Anterior Segment OCT.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2025Article
- Review
- Diabetic Keratopathy: Redox Signaling Pathways and Therapeutic Prospects.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Analysis of influencing factors of dry eyes after cataract surgery and construction of a prediction model.American journal of translational research · 2024Article
- Association Between Corneal Changes and Retinal Oximetry in Diabetes Mellitus.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2024Article
- Relationship between ocular surface pain and corneal nerve loss in dry eye diabetics: a cross-sectional study in Shenyang, China.BMJ open · 2023Article
- Corneal dendritic cells in diabetes mellitus: A narrative review.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Review
- Diabetic Corneal Neuropathy: Pathogenic Mechanisms and Therapeutic Strategies.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Review
- Clinical Features, Risk Factors, and Therapy of Epithelial Keratitis after Cataract Surgery.Journal of ophthalmology · 2021Article
- Genetically Encoded Calcium Indicators for In Situ Functional Studies of Corneal Nerves.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2020Article
- The Relationship Between Corneal Nerve Density and Hemoglobin A1c in Patients With Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2020Article
- Eye care providers' emerging roles in early detection of diabetes and management of diabetic changes to the ocular surface: a review.BMJ open diabetes research & care · 2020Review
- An Update on Corneal Biomechanics and Architecture in Diabetes.Journal of ophthalmology · 2019Review
- Corneal alteration and pathogenesis in diabetes mellitus.International journal of ophthalmology · 2019Review
- Diabetic corneal neuropathy: clinical perspectives.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundTo study basal epithelial cell (BEC), sub-basal nerve plexus (SBN) and Langerhans cell (LC) density in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with corneal punctate epitheliopathy (CPE) and to assess their association with time to healing of CPE.
methodsRetrospective study of in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM) in 160 eyes from 160 patients with T2DM diagnosed with CPE due to a single cause. Key exclusion criteria included multiple-causes for CPE or treatment with autologous serum. A total of 149 eyes from 149 gender- age- and aetiolgy-matched patients with CPE without T2DM comprised the control group. Electronic records were reviewed for demographic features, history of T2DM and aetiology of CPE. Density of BEC, SBN and LC were compared between the two groups.
resultsThe healing time in days for CPE with different aetiologies in the T2DM and control groups were as follows: dry eye (21.56 ± 2.41; 7.00 ± 2.19; P = 0.001); meibomian gland dysfunction (26.42 ± 6.04; 9.21 ± 2.55; P = 0.001); cataract extraction (38.00 ± 19.62; 25.83 ± 11.49; P = 0.043); drug induced (53.19 ± 18.83; 41.86 ± 23.87; P = 0.018) and exposure (38.25 ± 14.13; 29.00 ± 13.67; P = 0.026). LC density was 38.70 ± 9.65 cells/mm
conclusionsUtilising IVCM, we have demonstrated increased LC and decreased SBN in patients with T2DM and CPE. Both may be related to lower BEC density and nuclei enhanced reflection. Furthermore, decreased BEC density may lead to delay in cornea epithelium healing in the T2DM group comparedwith controls. An immune-mediated response may play a role in delayed wound closure in patients with T2DM.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.