ArticleJournal of experimental botany2018
ARTEMISININ BIOSYNTHESIS PROMOTING KINASE 1 positively regulates artemisinin biosynthesis through phosphorylating AabZIP1.
Article in Journal of experimental botany, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
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27 citing papers in PubMed, 61 citations in OpenAlex.
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- The PlMYB73-PlMYB70-PlMYB108 complex regulatesHorticulture research · 2025Article
- Comprehensive Genome-Wide Investigation and Transcriptional Regulation of the bZIP Gene Family in Litchi Fruit Development.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Transcriptional Reprogramming Deploys a Compartmentalized 'Timebomb' in Catharanthus roseus to Fend Off Chewing Herbivores.Plant, cell & environment · 2025Article
- Identification and characterization of the TmSnRK2 family proteins related to chicoric acid biosynthesis in Taraxacum mongolicum.BMC genomics · 2025Article
- AaMYC3 bridges the regulation of glandular trichome density and artemisinin biosynthesis in Artemisia annua.Plant biotechnology journal · 2025Article
- Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of Sucrose Nonfermenting 1-Related Protein Kinase (Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Full-Length Transcriptome Sequencing and RNA-Seq Analysis Offer Insights into Terpenoid Biosynthesis inGenes · 2024Article
- Advanced metabolic engineering strategies for increasing artemisinin yield inHorticulture research · 2024Article
- Enhancement of specialized metabolites using CRISPR/Cas gene editing technology in medicinal plants.Frontiers in plant science · 2024Review
- Changes in terpene biosynthesis and submergence tolerance in cotton.BMC plant biology · 2023Article
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- Mitogen-activated protein kinase 14-mediated phosphorylation of MaMYB4 negatively regulates banana fruit ripening.Horticulture research · 2023Article
- miR2105 and the kinase OsSAPK10 co-regulate OsbZIP86 to mediate drought-induced ABA biosynthesis in rice.Plant physiology · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The plant Artemisia annua produces the anti-malarial compound artemisinin. Although the transcriptional regulation of artemisinin biosynthesis has been extensively studied, its post-translational regulatory mechanisms, especially that of protein phosphorylation, remain unknown. Here, we report that an ABA-responsive kinase (AaAPK1), a member of the SnRK2 family, is involved in regulating artemisinin biosynthesis. The physical interaction of AaAPK1 with AabZIP1 was confirmed by multiple assays, including yeast two-hybrid, bimolecular fluorescence complementation, and pull-down. AaAPK1, mainly expressed in flower buds and leaves, could be induced by ABA, drought, and NaCl treatments. Phos-tag mobility shift assays indicated that AaAPK1 phosphorylated both itself and AabZIP1. As a result, the phosphorylated AaAPK1 significantly enhanced the transactivational activity of AabZIP1 on the artemisinin biosynthesis genes. Substituting the Ser37 with Ala37 of AabZIP1 significantly suppressed its phosphorylation, which inhibited the transactivational activity of AabZIP1. Consistent overexpression of AaAPK1 significantly increased the production of artemisinin, as well as the expression levels of the artemisinin biosynthesis genes. Our study opens a window into the regulatory network underlying artemisinin biosynthesis at the post-translational level. Importantly, and for the first time, we provide evidence for why the kinase gene AaAPK1 is a key candidate for the metabolic engineering of artemisinin biosynthesis.
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