ArticlePain2018
Disease modifying actions of interleukin-6 blockade in a rat model of bone cancer pain.
Article in Pain, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- Molecular targets in bone cancer pain: a systematic review of inflammatory cytokines.Journal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany) · 2024Pooled it
- A Literature Review of Interleukins in the Development and Treatment of Breast Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- IL-6 as a driver of bone invasion in IFIT2-depleted oral squamous cell carcinoma.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2026Article
- Lidocaine-A Promising Candidate for the Treatment of Cancer-Induced Bone Pain: A Narrative Review.Advances in therapy · 2025Review
- Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound ameliorates partial infraorbital nerve ligation-induced trigeminal neuropathic pain through inhibiting Schwann cell Pannexin 1 channel.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Peripheral Mechanism of Cancer-Induced Bone Pain.Neuroscience bulletin · 2024Review
- Evaluation of pain related behaviors and disease related outcomes in an immunocompetent mouse model of prostate cancer induced bone pain.Journal of bone oncology · 2023Article
- Inhibition of Schwann cell pannexin 1 attenuates neuropathic pain through the suppression of inflammatory responses.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2022Article
- Modelling skeletal pain harnessing tissue engineering.In vitro models · 2022Review
- Interleukin 11 (IL-11): Role(s) in Breast Cancer Bone Metastases.Biomedicines · 2021Review
- The nociceptin/orphanin FQ receptor system as a target to alleviate cancer-induced bone pain in rats: Model validation and pharmacological evaluation.British journal of pharmacology · 2021Article
- Interleukins as Mediators of the Tumor Cell-Bone Cell Crosstalk during the Initiation of Breast Cancer Bone Metastasis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Physiologic osteoclasts are not sufficient to induce skeletal pain in mice.European journal of pain (London, England) · 2021Article
- Emerging Molecular Targets for the Management of Cancer Pain.Neuroscience bulletin · 2020Article
- Animal Models of Cancer-Related Pain: Current Perspectives in Translation.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2020Review
- Morphine inhibits the promotion of inflammatory microenvironment on chronic tibial cancer pain through the PI3K-Akt-NF-κB pathway.American journal of translational research · 2020Article
- What Is the Role of Interleukins in Breast Cancer Bone Metastases? A Systematic Review of Preclinical and Clinical Evidence.Cancers · 2019Review
- Bone Pain in Cancer Patients: Mechanisms and Current Treatment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Review
- Characterization of Cancer-Induced Nociception in a Murine Model of Breast Carcinoma.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2019Article
- Longitudinal FDG-PET scan study of brain changes in mice with cancer-induced bone pain and after morphine analgesia.Molecular painArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Metastasis of cancer to the skeleton represents a debilitating turning point in the lives of patients. Skeletal metastasis leads to moderate to severe ongoing pain along with bone remodeling that can result in fracture, events that dramatically diminish quality of life. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels are elevated in patients with metastatic breast cancer and are associated with a lower survival rate. We therefore determined the consequences of inhibition of IL-6 signaling using a novel small molecule antagonist, TB-2-081, on bone integrity, tumor progression, and pain in a rodent model of breast cancer. Rat MAT B III mammary adenocarcinoma cells were injected and sealed within the tibia of female Fischer rats. Growth of these cells within the rat tibia elicited increased IL-6 levels both within the bone exudate and in the plasma, produced ongoing pain and evoked hypersensitivity, and bone fracture that was observed by approximately day 12. Systemic TB-2-081 delivered by subcutaneous osmotic minipumps starting at tumor implantation prevented tumor-induced ongoing bone pain and evoked hypersensitivity without altering tumor growth. Remarkably, TB-2-081 infusion significantly reduced osteolytic and osteoblastic bone remodeling and time to fracture likely by decreasing osteoclastogenesis and associated increase in bone resorption. These findings indicate that blockade of IL-6 signaling may represent a viable, disease-modifying strategy to prevent tumor-induced bone remodeling allowing for stabilization of bone and decreased fractures as well as diminished ongoing pain that may improve quality of life of patients with skeletal metastases. Notably, anti-IL-6 antibodies are clinically available allowing for rapid testing of these possibilities in humans.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.