Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29299019›Full record

ArticleTropical medicine and health2017

Predictors of uptake of eye examination in people living with diabetes mellitus in three counties of Kenya.

Nyawira Mwangi, David Macleod, Stephen Gichuhi, Lawrence Muthami, Consuela Moorman, Covadonga Bascaran, Allen Foster

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Tropical medicine and health, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
19citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
1.9field-weighted citation impact, top 14% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

19 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 26 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Trial
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.

Nyawira MwangiLondon School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-8236-470X
David MacleodLondon School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
Stephen GichuhiUniversity of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya.
Lawrence MuthamiKenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya.
Consuela MoormanOxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Oxford, UK.
Covadonga BascaranLondon School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
Allen FosterLondon School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine · GBKenya Medical Research Institute · KEKenya Medical Training College · KEOxford University Hospitals NHS Trust · GBUniversity of Nairobi · KE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundDiabetic retinopathy (DR) is a significant public health concern that is potentially blinding. Clinical practice guidelines recommend annual eye examination of patients with diabetes for early detection of DR. Our aim was to identify the demand-side factors that influence uptake of eye examination among patients already utilizing diabetes services in three counties of Kenya.

methodsWe designed a clinic based cross-sectional study and used three-stage sampling to select three counties, nine diabetes clinics in these counties and 270 patients with diabetes attending these clinics. We interviewed the participants using a structured questionnaire. The two outcomes of interest were 'eye examination in the last 12 months' and 'eye examination ever'. The exposure variables were the characteristics of participants living with diabetes.

resultsThe participants had a mean age of 53.3 years (SD 14.1) and an average interval of 4 months between visits to the diabetes clinic. Only 25.6% of participants had ever had an eye examination in their lifetime, while 13.3% had it in the preceding year. The independent predictors of uptake were referral by diabetes services, patient knowledge of diabetes eye complications, comorbid hypertension and urban or semi-urban residence.

conclusionsWe conclude that access to retinal examination for DR is low in all three counties. An intervention that increases the knowledge of patients with diabetes about eye complications and promotes referral of patients with diabetes for eye examination may improve access to annual eye examination for DR.

Indexed as

AccessDiabetesDiabetic retinopathyEye examinationKenyaScreeningSub-Saharan Africa

Identifiers

PMID29299019
PMCPMC5740562
OpenAlexW2779431392

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.