ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2017
Minoxidil Induction of VEGF Is Mediated by Inhibition of HIF-Prolyl Hydroxylase.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers.
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Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 64 citations in OpenAlex.
- Polyendocrine Metabolic Ovarian Syndrome (PMOS; Formerly Polycystic Ovary Syndrome/PCOS) and Susceptibility to Microbial Infections: Mechanisms, Clinical Management, and Reproductive Consequences - A Comprehensive Review.Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) · 2026Review
- The Protective and Regenerative Potential of Lactoferrin in Hair and Skin Health.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- FGF2 Enhances MSCs Secretome Therapy for Skin Photoaging by Delaying Senescence via iNAMPT/AMPK Signaling and Facilitating eNAMPT-Mediated Regenerative Crosstalk.Stem cell reviews and reports · 2026Article
- Minoxidil May be a Partial Agonist of Estrogen Receptor Alpha.microPublication biology · 2026Article
- Genome-wide analysis of Zoysia japonica REVEILLE family identifies ZjRVE8-1 as a positive cold-tolerance regulator.Plant cell reports · 2025Article
- Topical minoxidil effectiveness in enhancing facial aesthetics: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2025Review
- Novel Strategies for Androgenetic Alopecia Therapy: Integrating Multifunctional Plant Extracts with Nanotechnology for Advanced Cutaneous Drug Delivery.Pharmaceutics · 2025Review
- The Extract ofCurrent issues in molecular biology · 2025Article
- Applications of CRISPR-Cas9 in mitigating cellular senescence and age-related disease progression.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2025Review
- Development of Multiple Cherry Haemangiomas in a Patient with Androgenetic Alopecia after Topical Minoxidil Use.Acta dermato-venereologica · 2025Article
- KyohMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Topical dutasteride for androgenic alopecia: current state and prospects.Therapeutic delivery · 2025Review
- Enhancing antitumor immunity: the role of immune checkpoint inhibitors, anti-angiogenic therapy, and macrophage reprogramming.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Review
- Hair Growth Effect and the Mechanisms ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- [Conbercept reverses TGF-βNan fang yi ke da xue xue bao = Journal of Southern Medical University · 2024Article
- Network Pharmacology RevealsBiology · 2024Article
- Exploring the Potential Therapeutic Approach Using Ginsenosides for the Management of Neurodegenerative Disorders.Molecular biotechnology · 2024Review
- Article
- Topical Minoxidil Rejuvenates Hair Follicles from Men with Androgenetic Alopecia in Vivo.Acta dermato-venereologica · 2024Article
- A small molecule compound 759 inhibits the wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway via increasing the Axin protein stability.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The topical application of minoxidil may achieve millimolar concentrations in the skin. We investigated whether millimolar minoxidil could induce vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a possible effector for minoxidil-mediated hair growth, and how it occurred at the molecular level. Cell-based experiments were performed to investigate a molecular mechanism underlying the millimolar minoxidil induction of VEGF. The inhibitory effect of minoxidil on hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) prolyl hydroxylase-2 (PHD-2) was tested by an in vitro von Hippel-Lindau protein (VHL) binding assay. To examine the angiogenic potential of millimolar minoxidil, a chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay was used. In human keratinocytes and dermal papilla cells, millimolar minoxidil increased the secretion of VEGF, which was not attenuated by a specific adenosine receptor antagonist that inhibits the micromolar minoxidil induction of VEGF. Millimolar minoxidil induced hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), and the induction of VEGF was dependent on HIF-1. Moreover, minoxidil applied to the dorsal area of mice increased HIF-1α and VEGF in the skin. In an in vitro VHL binding assay, minoxidil directly inhibited PHD-2, thus preventing the hydroxylation of cellular HIF-1α and VHL-dependent proteasome degradation and resulting in the stabilization of HIF-1α protein. Minoxidil inhibition of PHD-2 was reversed by ascorbate, a cofactor of PHD-2, and the minoxidil induction of cellular HIF-1α was abrogated by the cofactor. Millimolar minoxidil promoted angiogenesis in the CAM assay, an in vivo angiogenic test, and this was nullified by the specific inhibition of VEGF. Our data demonstrate that PHD may be the molecular target for millimolar minoxidil-mediated VEGF induction via HIF-1.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.