ArticleJournal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)2018
HIV Drug Resistance in Adults Receiving Early vs. Delayed Antiretroviral Therapy: HPTN 052.
Article in Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999), 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Clinical Impact of Pretreatment Human Immunodeficiency Virus Drug Resistance in People Initiating Nonnucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor-Containing Antiretroviral Therapy: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2021Pooled it
- Perceptions of young people living with HIV and caregivers in Botswana on analytical treatment interruption studies: a qualitative approach.HIV research & clinical practice · 2026Article
- Temporal trends from HIV diagnosis to ART initiation among adults living with HIV in the Asia-Pacific (2013-2023).AIDS research and therapy · 2025Observational
- Acquired Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Drug Resistance in Rhode Island, USA, 2004-2021.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Drug Resistance in HIV-Positive Adults During the Initial Year of Antiretroviral Treatment at Ethiopian Health Centers.Open forum infectious diseases · 2021Article
- HIV drug resistance in sub-Saharan Africa: public health questions and the potential role of real-world data and mathematical modelling.Journal of virus eradication · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
32 authors at 20 institutions in 9 countries.
Funding
Abstract
introductionWe evaluated HIV drug resistance in adults who received early vs. delayed antiretroviral therapy (ART) in a multinational trial [HIV Prevention Trials Network (HPTN) 052, enrollment 2005-2010]. In HPTN 052, 1763 index participants were randomized to start ART at a CD4 cell count of 350-550 cells/mm (early ART arm) or <250 cells/mm (delayed ART arm). In May 2011, interim study results showed benefit of early ART, and all participants were offered ART regardless of CD4 cell count; the study ended in 2015.
methodsVirologic failure was defined as 2 consecutive viral loads >1000 copies/mL >24 weeks after ART initiation. Drug resistance testing was performed for pretreatment (baseline) and failure samples from participants with virologic failure.
resultsHIV genotyping results were obtained for 211/249 participants (128 early ART arm and 83 delayed ART arm) with virologic failure. Drug resistance was detected in 4.7% of participants at baseline; 35.5% had new resistance at failure. In univariate analysis, the frequency of new resistance at failure was lower among participants in the early ART arm (compared with delayed ART arm, P = 0.06; compared with delayed ART arm with ART initiation before May 2011, P = 0.032). In multivariate analysis, higher baseline viral load (P = 0.0008) and ART regimen (efavirenz/lamivudine/zidovudine compared with other regimens, P = 0.024) were independently associated with higher risk of new resistance at failure.
conclusionsIn HPTN 052, the frequency of new drug resistance at virologic failure was lower in adults with early ART initiation. The main factor associated with reduced drug resistance with early ART was lower baseline viral load.
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