ArticleContraception2018
Race and ethnicity may not be associated with risk of unintended pregnancy.
Article in Contraception, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Reproductive Life Goals: A Systematic Review of Pregnancy Planning Intentions, Needs, and Interventions Among Women Involved in U.S. Criminal Justice Systems.Journal of women's health (2002) · 2021Pooled it
- A Multidimensional and Longitudinal Exploratory Study of the Stability of Pregnancy Contexts in the United States.Women's health reports (New Rochelle, N.Y.) · 2024Article
- Article
- Association of race and ethnicity with postpartum contraceptive method choice, receipt, and subsequent pregnancy.BMC women's health · 2021Article
- Comparison of unintended pregnancy at 12 months between two contraceptive care programs; a controlled time-trend design.Contraception · 2019Article
- Efficacy of the 1-year (13-cycle) segesterone acetate and ethinylestradiol contraceptive vaginal system: results of two multicentre, open-label, single-arm, phase 3 trials.The Lancet. Global health · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveThe objective was to use improved measures and methodology to investigate whether race and ethnicity are associated with unintended pregnancy. STUDY
designCross-sectional study of English- or Spanish-speaking women, aged 16-44, with pregnancies <24weeks' gestation recruited from pregnancy testing and abortion care sites in New Haven, CT, between June 2014 and June 2015. Participants completed self-assessments of race, ethnicity and multidimensional measures of pregnancy "context," including timing, intention, wantedness, desirability, happiness and planning (measured with the London Measure of Unplanned Pregnancy). Multivariable analysis was performed, adjusting for maternal demographics, language, recruitment site, substance use and medical conditions including history of depression.
resultsAmong 161 participants (mean age=27.2±6.6years), mean gestational age was 9±4.6weeks. Overall, 14% self-identified as White non-Hispanic, 37% Black non-Hispanic, 42% Hispanic and 7% multiracial. Most (85%) were unmarried, and 75% had at least one child. After adjustment, happiness about new pregnancies was more likely among Black non-Hispanic than White non-Hispanic women OR=5.66 (95%CI: 1.51-21.20). Neither race nor ethnicity was significantly associated with pregnancy intention, wantedness, planning, timing or desirability.
conclusionIn a diverse cohort with multiple, antenatal measures of pregnancy context, neither race nor ethnicity is significantly associated with unintended pregnancy, as previous studies reported. Black non-Hispanic women were more likely to report happiness about new pregnancies than White non-Hispanic women. This study improves upon previous analyses that used retrospective and limited assessments of pregnancy intention, excluded women with miscarriages or abortions, and lacked adjustment for confounding. IMPLICATIONS: Evaluation of multidimensional pregnancy contexts assessed antenatally is important and may capture the experiences of women more accurately, especially Black and Hispanic women.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.