ArticleBMJ open2017
Gender-specific interactions between education and income in relation to obesity: a cross-sectional analysis of the Fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES V).
Article in BMJ open, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- Associations of Socioeconomic Status and Physical Activity With Obesity Measures in Rural Chinese Adults.Frontiers in public health · 2020Trial
- Milk Consumption and Its Association with Dental Caries: Gender-Specific Insights from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2013-2015).Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Article
- Exploring determinants of sex and family history-based disparity in type 2 diabetes mellitus prevalence among clinical patients.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Family economic trajectories and body mass index in Indonesia: Evidence from the Indonesian Family Life Surveys 2 to 5.Preventive medicine reports · 2023Article
- Impact of educational attainment and economic globalization on obesity in adult females and males: Empirical evidence from BRICS economies.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Metabolically healthy and unhealthy obesity and risk of vasomotor symptoms in premenopausal women: cross-sectional and cohort studies.BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology · 2022Article
- Classification of Deprivation Indices That Applied to Detect Health Inequality: A Scoping Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Do associations between education and obesity vary depending on the measure of obesity used? A systematic literature review and meta-analysis.SSM - population health · 2021Review
- Association between obesity and education level among the elderly in Taipei, Taiwan between 2013 and 2015: a cross-sectional study.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- A Reversal of the Association between Education Level and Obesity Risk during Ageing: A Gender-Specific Longitudinal Study in South Korea.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- Cost-effectiveness of Bariatric Surgery for People with Morbid Obesity in South Korea.Obesity surgery · 2020Article
- The Intersectionality of Gender and Wealth in Adolescent Health and Behavioral Outcomes in Brazil: The 1993 Pelotas Birth Cohort.The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
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Abstract
objectivesTo identify gender-specific associations between education and income in relation to obesity in developed countries by considering both the interaction-effect terms of the independent variables and their main-effect terms.
designA cross-sectional study. Education and income levels were chosen as socioeconomic status indicators. Sociodemographics, lifestyles and medical conditions were used as covariates in multivariable logistic regression models. Adjusted ORs and predicted probabilities of being obese were computed and adjusted for a complex survey design.
settingData were obtained from the Fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2010-2012).
participantsThe sample included 7337 male and 9908 female participants aged ≥19 years. OUTCOME MEASURE: Obesity was defined as body mass index of ≥25, according to a guideline for Asians.
resultsIn models with no interaction-effect terms of independent variables, education was significantly associated with obesity in both men and women, but income was significant only in women. However, in models with the interaction-effect terms, education was significant only in women, but income was significant only in men. The interaction effect between income and education was significant in men but not in women. Participants having the highest predicted probability of being obese over educational and income levels differed between the two types of models, and between men and women. A prediction using the models with the interaction-effect terms demonstrated that for all men, the highest level of formal education was associated with an increase in their probability of being obese by as much as 26%.
conclusionsThe well-known, negative association between socioeconomic status and obesity in developed countries may not be valid when interaction effects are included. Ignoring these effects and their gender differences may result in the targeting of wrong populations for reducing obesity prevalence and its resultant socioeconomic gradients.
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