ReviewMicrobes and infection
Observations on bradyzoite biology.
Review in Microbes and infection. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Minimum Inoculum of Resistance Assay for Evaluating Antitoxoplasmosis Compounds That Target Phenylalanine tRNA Synthetase.ACS infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Legacy 4(1ACS infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Minimum inoculum of resistance assay for evaluating for anti-toxoplasmosis compounds that target phenyl alanine tRNA synthetase.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Loss of NcBPK1 impairs bradyzoite differentiation and enhances virulence in Neospora caninum.Parasites & vectors · 2025Article
- Toxoplasma gondii and the Brain: Frenemies? Or Just Outright Foes?Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society · 2025Review
- Article
- High-Throughput Repurposing Screen Reveals Compounds with Activity againstACS infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Article
- Effective factors in the pathogenesis ofHeliyon · 2024Review
- Phytohormones regulate asexual Toxoplasma gondii replication.Parasitology research · 2023Article
- Adverse pregnancy outcomes in Toxoplasma gondii seropositive Hispanic women.The journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research · 2023Article
- Protective mucosal and systemic immunity induced by virus-like particles expressing Toxoplasma gondii cyst wall protein.PloS one · 2023Article
- Starch Branching Enzyme 1 Is Important for Amylopectin Synthesis and Cyst Reactivation in Toxoplasma gondii.Microbiology spectrum · 2022Article
- Temporal transcriptomic changes in long non-coding RNAs and messenger RNAs involved in the host immune and metabolic response during Toxoplasma gondii lytic cycle.Parasites & vectors · 2022Article
- Article
- Immunomagnetic separation ofFrontiers in veterinary science · 2022Article
- Nanos gigantium humeris insidentes: old papers informing new research into Toxoplasma gondii.International journal for parasitology · 2021Review
- Article
- Transcriptomic analyses reveal distinct response of porcine macrophages to Toxoplasma gondii infection.Parasitology research · 2020Article
- The Bradyzoite: A Key Developmental Stage for the Persistence and Pathogenesis of Toxoplasmosis.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Tachyzoites of the Apicomplexan Toxoplasma gondii cause acute infection, disseminate widely in their host, and eventually differentiate into a latent encysted form called bradyzoites that are found within tissue cysts. During latent infection, whenever transformation to tachyzoites occurs, any tachyzoites that develop are removed by the immune system. In contrast, cysts containing bradyzoites are sequestered from the immune system. In the absence of an effective immune response released organisms that differentiate into tachyzoites cause acute infection. Tissue cysts, therefore, serve as a reservoir for the reactivation of toxoplasmosis when the host becomes immunocompromised by conditions such as HIV infection, organ transplantation, or due to the impaired immune response that occurs when pathogens are acquired in utero. While tachyzoites and bradyzoites are well defined morphologically, there is no clear consensus on how interconversion occurs or what exact signal(s) mediate this transformation. Advances in research methods have facilitated studies on T. gondii bradyzoites providing important new insights into the biology of latent infection.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.