ArticleRespiratory research2017
Upregulation of citrullination pathway: From Autoimmune to Idiopathic Lung Fibrosis.
Article in Respiratory research, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 59 citations in OpenAlex.
- Role of the PADI family in inflammatory autoimmune diseases and cancers: A systematic review.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Pooled it
- Factors associated with interstitial lung disease in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2023Pooled it
- Intratracheal interleukin-10 administration reduces acute lung injury induced by sulfur dioxide exposure in mice.Physiological reports · 2026Article
- Inhibition of PADI2-mediated vimentin citrullination alleviates silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice.Particle and fibre toxicology · 2026Article
- Anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2026Article
- Immunopathogenic Mechanisms in Connective Tissue Disease-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease: Incessant Loop of Immunity to Fibrosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Cigarette Smoking: A Modifiable Environmental Factor in the Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis.JMA journal · 2025Review
- Lung-delivered IL-10 mitigates Lung inflammation induced by repeated endotoxin exposures in male mice.Physiological reports · 2025Article
- Pathogenic role and clinical significance of neutrophils and neutrophil extracellular traps in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2024Review
- Article
- Diabetes mellitus and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a Mendelian randomization study.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2024Article
- Neutrophil extracellular traps as immunofibrotic mediators in RA-ILD; pilot evaluation of the nintedanib therapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Review
- Plasma LTBP2 as a potential biomarker in differential diagnosis of connective tissue disease-associated interstitial lung disease and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a pilot study.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2023Article
- PADI6: What we know about the elusive fifth member of the peptidyl arginine deiminase family.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2023Review
- Citrullination of matrisomal proteins in health and diseases.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2023Review
- Etiology and Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis-Interstitial Lung Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Molecular Factors in PAD2 (Cells · 2023Article
- Integrating bioinformatic resources to identify characteristics of rheumatoid arthritis-related usual interstitial pneumonia.BMC genomics · 2023Article
- Peptidylarginine deiminase 2 citrullinates MZB1 and promotes the secretion of IgM and IgA.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundIncreased protein citrullination and peptidylarginine deiminases (PADIs), which catalyze the citrullination process, are central in Rheumatoid arthritis pathogenesis and probably involved in the initial steps towards autoimmunity. Approximately, 10% of RA patients develop clinically significantly ILD. A possible shared role of protein citrullination in rheumatoid arthritis associated interstitial lung disease (RA-ILD), and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) pathogenesis remains unclear.
methodsWe evaluated PADI2 and PADI4 mRNA expression in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) cells of 59 patients with IPF, 27 patients RA-ILD and 10 healthy controls. PADI 2 and 4 expression was analyzed by western blot and immunohistochemistry. Citrullinated protein levels were also quantified.
resultsPADI4 mRNA and protein levels were higher in RA-ILD and IPF than controls. Furthermore, PADI4 mRNA levels showed an increase among smokers in RA-ILD. PADI4 expression was detected in granulocytes and macrophages in all groups, with the strongest cytoplasmic expression observed in granulocytes in RA-ILD and IPF. PADI2 mRNA and immunostaining of BAL cells, were similar in all groups among smokers. Overall, stronger staining was observed in current smokers. Citrullinated peptides were significantly increased in IPF compared to RA-ILD and controls. In RA-ILD, protein citrullination strongly correlated with PADI4 expression and anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPAs).
conclusionsThese results suggest that the citrullination pathway is upregulated in IPF and in RA-ILD.
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