ArticlePloS one2017
Immune activation despite preserved CD4 T cells in perinatally HIV-infected children and adolescents.
Article in PloS one, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Epigenetic Age Acceleration, Neurocognition and Oral Health in Nigerian Adolescents With and Without HIV.The Pediatric infectious disease journal · 2026Article
- Plasma Inflammatory Biomarkers Lack Strong Association With Cognitive Outcomes Among Young Adults With Perinatal HIV Exposure and/or Acquisition.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2026Article
- Partially-functional exhausted CD8+ T cells can contribute to short-term viral suppression: a computational prediction for children with perinatal HIV.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Distinct immune profiles in children living with HIV based on timing and duration of suppressive antiretroviral treatment.Virology · 2025Article
- Plasma galectin-9 relates to cognitive performance and inflammation among adolescents with vertically acquired HIV.AIDS (London, England) · 2024Article
- Host Immunity to Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection Is Similar in Simian Immunodeficiency Virus (SIV)-Infected, Antiretroviral Therapy-Treated and SIV-Naïve Juvenile Macaques.Infection and immunity · 2023Article
- Growth and CD4 patterns of adolescents living with perinatally acquired HIV worldwide, a CIPHER cohort collaboration analysis.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2022Article
- Innate and adaptive abnormalities in youth with vertically acquired HIV through a multicentre cohort in Spain.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2021Article
- Simian-Human Immunodeficiency Virus SHIV.C.CH505 Persistence in ART-Suppressed Infant Macaques Is Characterized by Elevated SHIV RNA in the Gut and a High Abundance of Intact SHIV DNA in Naive CD4Journal of virology · 2020Article
- Functional Haplotypes in theEthiopian journal of health sciences · 2020Article
- Immune imbalance and activation are associated with lower lung function in youth with perinatally acquired HIV.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2020Article
- Biological Aging and Immune Senescence in Children with Perinatally Acquired HIV.Journal of immunology research · 2020Review
- Stunting Is Preceded by Intestinal Mucosal Damage and Microbiome Changes and Is Associated with Systemic Inflammation in a Cohort of Peruvian Infants.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2019Article
- Immune Activation, Inflammation, and Non-AIDS Co-Morbidities in HIV-Infected Patients under Long-Term ART.Viruses · 2019Review
- High Abundance of genus Prevotella in the gut of perinatally HIV-infected children is associated with IP-10 levels despite therapy.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- CD4+ cell count recovery following initiation of HIV antiretroviral therapy in older childhood and adolescence.AIDS (London, England) · 2018Observational
- Biomarkers of Aging in HIV-Infected Children on Suppressive Antiretroviral Therapy.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2018Observational
- Outcomes of HIV Positive Children and Adolescents Initiated on Antiretroviral Treatment in Nigeria (2007-2016).Journal of the International Association of Providers of AIDS CareArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundHIV disease progresses more rapidly in children than adults with mortality rates exceeding 50% by 2 years of age without antiretroviral therapy (ART) in sub-Saharan Africa. Recent World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines recommend universal treatment for all living persons with HIV, yet there is limited supporting evidence in pediatric populations. The objective of this study was to determine whether CD4 cell counts reflect immunological markers associated with disease progression in ART naïve perinatally-infected HIV+ children and adolescents and their response to ART.
methodsPBMC and plasma samples were collected from 71 HIV negative and 132 HIV+ children (65 ART naïve and 67 on ART) between ages 1-19 years from Mombasa, Kenya. Untreated HIV+ subjects were sub-categorized by high or low CD4 T cell counts. Immune activation markers CD38, HLA-DR and Ki67 were analyzed by flow cytometry. Plasma soluble CD14 (sCD14) was quantified by ELISA.
resultsHIV-infected children and adolescents with preserved CD4 cell counts had depleted CD4 percentages and CD4:CD8 ratios, and high immune activation levels. ART initiation rapidly and persistently reversed T cell activation, but failed to normalize CD4:CD8 ratios and plasma sCD14 levels.
conclusionsDiminished CD4 percentages and CD4:CD8 ratios along with profound immune activation occur independent of CD4 cell count thresholds in ART naïve HIV+ children and adolescents. Immediate ART initiation, as recommended in the most recent WHO guidelines may protect them from pathologic sequelae associated with persistent inflammation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.