ArticlePloS one2017
The influence of conjugation variables on the design and immunogenicity of a glycoconjugate vaccine against Salmonella Typhi.
Article in PloS one, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- Development and validation of immunological assays for preclinical evaluation of a novel bivalent typhoid conjugate vaccine.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Article
- Preclinical evaluation of a bivalent conjugate vaccine againstFrontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Preclinical evaluation of multivalent vaccine combinations againstFrontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- T-cell and B-cell dynamics following prime-boost immunization with W135 meningococcal conjugate vaccine in mice.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Article
- TheVaccines · 2025Article
- Design of a Glycoconjugate Vaccine AgainstVaccines · 2024Article
- Adjuvanted Modified Bacterial Antigens for Single-Dose Vaccines.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Testing a Recombinant Form of Tetanus Toxoid as a Carrier Protein for Glycoconjugate Vaccines.Vaccines · 2023Article
- Vi polysaccharide and conjugated vaccines afford similar early, IgM or IgG-independent control of infection but boosting with conjugated Vi vaccines sustains the efficacy of immune responses.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Exploring the variables influencing the immune response of traditional and innovative glycoconjugate vaccines.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2023Review
- A strategic model for developing vaccines against neglected diseases: An example of industry collaboration for sustainable development.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2022Review
- Impact and Control of Sugar Size in Glycoconjugate Vaccines.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Polysaccharide-Based Transdermal Drug Delivery.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Combined effects of glycan chain length and linkage type on the immunogenicity of glycoconjugate vaccines.NPJ vaccines · 2021Review
- Rotavirus spike protein ΔVP8* as a novel carrier protein for conjugate vaccine platform with demonstrated antigenic potential for use as bivalent vaccine.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Increasing the High Throughput of a Luminescence-Based Serum Bactericidal Assay (L-SBA).Biotech (Basel (Switzerland)) · 2021Article
- Glycoconjugate vaccines againstBiophysical reviews · 2021Review
- Interplay of Carbohydrate and Carrier in Antibacterial Glycoconjugate Vaccines.Advances in biochemical engineering/biotechnology · 2021Article
- Generalized Modules for Membrane Antigens as Carrier for Polysaccharides: Impact of Sugar Length, Density, and Attachment Site on the Immune Response Elicited in Animal Models.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
In recent years there have been major efforts to develop glycoconjugate vaccines based on the Vi polysaccharide that will protect against Salmonella enterica Typhi infections, particularly typhoid fever, which remains a major public health concern in low-income countries. The design of glycoconjugate vaccines influences the immune responses they elicit. Here we systematically test the response in mice to Vi glycoconjugates that differ in Vi chain length (full-length and fragmented), carrier protein, conjugation chemistry, saccharide to protein ratio and size. We show that the length of Vi chains, but not the ultimate size of the conjugate, has an impact on the anti-Vi IgG immune response induced. Full-length Vi conjugates, independent of the carrier protein, induce peak IgG responses rapidly after just one immunization, and secondary immunization does not enhance the magnitude of these responses. Fragmented Vi linked to CRM197 and diphtheria toxoid, but not to tetanus toxoid, gives lower anti-Vi antibody responses after the first immunization than full-length Vi conjugates, but antibody titres are similar to those induced by full-length Vi conjugates following a second dose. The chemistry to conjugate Vi to the carrier protein, the linker used, and the saccharide to protein ratio do not significantly alter the response. We conclude that Vi length and carrier protein are the variables that influence the anti-Vi IgG response to immunization the most, while other parameters are of lesser importance.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.