ArticleCancer biomarkers : section A of Disease markers2018
Protein and DNA evidences of HCMV infection in primary breast cancer tissues and metastatic sentinel lymph nodes.
Article in Cancer biomarkers : section A of Disease markers, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Potential Oncoprotective Role of Cytomegalovirus Against Breast Cancer: Worldwide Correlation and Survey of Evidence.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Human Cytomegalovirus Infection and Breast Cancer: A Literature Review of Clinical and Experimental Data.Biology · 2025Review
- Human cytomegalovirus RNA2.7 inhibits ferroptosis by upregulating ferritin and GSH via promoting ZNF395 degradation.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- The association between infectious agents and breast cancer: a review of the epidemiologic evidence.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2024Review
- Using amide proton transfer-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in peritumor tissue to predict parametrial infiltration of cervical cancer: a case-control study.Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery · 2024Article
- Association of Human Papilloma Virus, Cytomegalovirus, and Epstein-Barr Virus with Breast Cancer in Jordanian Women.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Article
- Human Cytomegalovirus Oncoprotection across Diverse Populations, Tumor Histologies, and Age Groups: The Relevance for Prospective Vaccinal Therapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Prevalence of Polyomaviruses and Herpesviruses in Moroccan Breast Cancer.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Human cytomegalovirus in cancer: the mechanism of HCMV-induced carcinogenesis and its therapeutic potential.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Review
- Human Cytomegalovirus Seropositivity and Viral DNA in Breast Tumors Are Associated with Poor Patient Prognosis.Cancers · 2022Article
- PDGFRα Enhanced Infection of Breast Cancer Cells with Human Cytomegalovirus but Infection of Fibroblasts Increased Prometastatic Inflammation Involving Lysophosphatidate Signaling.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Relationships of hepatitis B virus infection with clinicopathological features in breast cancer and survival outcomes in central China.Translational cancer research · 2020Article
- Breast cancer and cytomegalovirus.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2020Review
- Review
- The emerging role of human cytomegalovirus infection in human carcinogenesis: a review of current evidence and potential therapeutic implications.Oncotarget · 2019Review
- Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectiveBreast cancer is the leading cause of death in women worldwide. There are evidences that human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection is associated with several malignant tumors. This study aims to investigate the infection of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) in a large sample of breast cancer patients, and conduct a correlation analysis of clinical and pathological factors, to provide evidence for whether HCMV infection is associated with breast cancer development, progression and metastasis. MATERIALS AND
methodsA total of 438 tissue samples (including breast cancer tissue, paracancerous tissue and sentinel lymph node [SLN] tissue) obtained from 146 patients who were diagnosed with breast cancer and intraoperatively underwent unilateral axillary SLN biopsy at the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from June 2013 to June 2014 were included into this study. These tissue samples were divided into two groups: SLN positive group and SLN negative group. The clinical information is collated and numbered. Normal breast tissues of 40 patients with cyclomastopathy were taken as controls. The expressions of HCMV immediate-early (IE) and late antigen (LA) proteins of breast cancer tissues, paracancerous tissues, SLN tissues and normal breast tissues were analyzed by immunohistochemistry, and HCMV infection of the samples was graded according to the percentage of the positive cells, and HCMV IE2 mRNA expression was detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The clinical data were collated and statistically analyzed.
resultsHCMV IE and LA proteins were highly expressed in all breast cancer tissue samples. IE proteins were detected in 47.9% (70/146) of paracancerous tissue samples, and LA proteins were detected in 53.4% (78/146) of paracancerous tissue samples. IE and LA proteins were expressed in 92.6% of metastatic SLN samples (62/68) and in most of the tumor cells. Inflammatory cells in 60% (42/70) of non-metastatic samples were positive for HCMV. HCMV DNA was present in 100% of breast cancer tissue samples, 50% of paracancerous tissue samples, and 91% of metastatic SLN samples; but this was not present in HCMV negative and non-metastatic SLN samples. Differences in HCMV infection, and estrogen receptor-α, progesterone receptor, Elston classification, Ki67 percentage, Her-2 and Luminal type and other clinical indicators were not statistically significant.
conclusionHCMV infection is common in breast cancer tissues, paracancerous tissues and SLN tissues. The severity of HCMV infection varied markedly with tissue type. HCMV infection might be associated with metastasis and invasion of breast cancer. The expression of HCMV IE2 was associated to breast cancer and lymph node metastasis. The expression level of estrogen receptor-α was related to HCMV infection.
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