ArticleDepression and anxiety2018
A classical twin study of PTSD symptoms and resilience: Evidence for a single spectrum of vulnerability to traumatic stress.
Article in Depression and anxiety, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
47 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Genome-wide association analyses identify 95 risk loci and provide insights into the neurobiology of post-traumatic stress disorder.Nature genetics · 2024Pooled it
- International meta-analysis of PTSD genome-wide association studies identifies sex- and ancestry-specific genetic risk loci.Nature communications · 2019Pooled it
- Dynamic immune and metabolic dysregulation in women with post-traumatic stress disorder: Longitudinal transcriptomic insights following sexual assault.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- Psychological impact of the February 6, 2023, Türkiye earthquake: the roles of social support, hope, resilience, and death obsession.BMC psychology · 2026Article
- Genetics of educational resilience after adverse childhood experiences.EBioMedicine · 2026Article
- Using genomic structural equation modeling to examine the genetic architecture of PTSD and life satisfaction phenotypes.European journal of psychotraumatology · 2025Article
- Associations of Leukocyte Telomere Length With Trait Resilience, Adverse Childhood Experiences, and Psychological Distress Among Expecting Parents in the FinnBrain Birth Cohort.Biological psychiatry global open science · 2025Article
- Resilience and its association with hopelessness, depression, loneliness, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and suicidal ideations and behavior in a cohort in the Nairobi Metropolitan.Global mental health (Cambridge, England) · 2025Article
- Article
- Advances in Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for the Treatment of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder.Alpha psychiatry · 2024Review
- Stress biomarkers and child development in young children in Bangladesh.Psychoneuroendocrinology · 2024Article
- Genetic risk for hospitalization of African American patients with severe mental illness reveals HLA loci.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Article
- Article
- A statistical genetic investigation of psychiatric resilience.European journal of psychotraumatology · 2023Article
- Article
- Mechanisms by which adverse childhood experiences, other traumas and PTSD influence the health and well-being of individuals with eating disorders throughout the life span.Journal of eating disorders · 2022Review
- Conceptualizing traumatic stress and the structure of posttraumatic psychopathology through the lenses of RDoC and HiTOP.Clinical psychology review · 2022Review
- Central and Peripheral Immune Dysregulation in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Convergent Multi-Omics Evidence.Biomedicines · 2022Review
- Article
- Premorbid traumatic stress and veteran responses to the COVID-19 pandemic.Journal of traumatic stress · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundTo examine shared genetic and environmental risk factors across PTSD symptoms and resilience.
methodsClassical twin study of 2010-2012 survey data conducted among 3,318 male twin pairs in the Vietnam Era Twin Registry. Analyses included: (a) estimates of genetic and environmental influences on PTSD symptom severity (as measured by the PTSD Checklist) and resilience (assessed with the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale-10); (b) development of a latent model of traumatic stress, spanning both PTSD and resilience; and (c) estimates of genetic and environmental influences on this spectrum.
resultsThe heritability of PTSD was 49% and of resilience was 25%. PTSD and resilience were correlated at r = -.59, and 59% of this correlation was attributable to a single genetic factor, whereas the remainder was due to a single non-shared environment factor. Resilience was also influenced by common and unique environmental factors not shared with PTSD, but there was no genetic factor specific to resilience. Confirmatory factor analysis supported the Development of a revised phenotype reflecting the broader dimension of traumatic stress, with biometric models suggesting increased heritability (66%) of this spectrum compared to PTSD or resilience individually.
conclusionsGenetic factors contribute to a single spectrum of traumatic stress reflecting resilience at one end and high symptom severity at the other. This carries implications for phenotype refinement in the search for molecular genetic markers of trauma-related psychopathology. Rather than focusing only on genetic risk for PTSD, molecular genetics research may benefit from evaluation of the broader spectrum of traumatic stress.
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