Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29282581›Full record

ReviewPrimates; journal of primatology2018

Cumulative culture in nonhumans: overlooked findings from Japanese monkeys?

Daniel P Schofield, William C McGrew, Akiko Takahashi, Satoshi Hirata

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Primates; journal of primatology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
28citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

28 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Brokering peace in the ape (culture) wars.Evolutionary human sciences · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. In search of animal normativity: a framework for studying social norms in non-human animals.Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society · 2024
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Efficiency fosters cumulative culture across species.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2022
    Article
  14. The Primates 2021 Most-Cited Paper Award.Primates; journal of primatology · 2021
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. The evolution of high-fidelity social learning.Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2020
    Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Daniel P SchofieldInstitute of Cognitive and Evolutionary Anthropology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX2 6PE, UK. daniel.schofield@anthro.ox.ac.uk.
William C McGrewSchool of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, KY15 9JH, UK.
Akiko TakahashiNational Museum of Emerging Science and Innovation, 2-3-6 Aomi, Koto-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
Satoshi HirataWildlife Research Center, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-3201, Japan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cumulative culture, generally known as the increasing complexity or efficiency of cultural behaviors additively transmitted over successive generations, has been emphasized as a hallmark of human evolution. Recently, reviews of candidates for cumulative culture in nonhuman species have claimed that only humans have cumulative culture. Here, we aim to scrutinize this claim, using current criteria for cumulative culture to re-evaluate overlooked qualitative but longitudinal data from a nonhuman primate, the Japanese monkey (Macaca fuscata). We review over 60 years of Japanese ethnography of Koshima monkeys, which indicate that food-washing behaviors (e.g., of sweet potato tubers and wheat grains) seem to have increased in complexity and efficiency over time. Our reassessment of the Koshima ethnography is preliminary and nonquantitative, but it raises the possibility that cumulative culture, at least in a simple form, occurs spontaneously and adaptively in other primates and nonhumans in nature.

Indexed as

Behavior, AnimalCultureMacacaAnimalsAnthropology, CulturalFeeding BehaviorFood HandlingJapanLongitudinal StudiesCumulative cultureEthnographyFood processingJapanese macaqueTraditions

Identifiers

PMID29282581
PMCPMC5843669

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.