Observational studyBMJ open2017
Effect of second child intent on delivery mode after Chinese two child policy implementation: a cross sectional and prospective observational study of nulliparous women in Chongqing.
Observational study in BMJ open, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 58 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence of and reasons for women's, family members', and health professionals' preferences for cesarean section in China: A mixed-methods systematic review.PLoS medicine · 2018Pooled it
- Predicting the risk of unplanned cesarean delivery at admission to guide labor process management: a retrospective cohort study in Southwest China.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Article
- Article
- Changes in the characteristics and outcomes of high-risk pregnant women who delivered prior to and after China's universal two-child policy: a real-world retrospective study, 2010-2021.BMC public health · 2024Article
- The effect of China's many-child policy on the number of births and the prevalence of serious teratogenic and disabling defects in Hunan Province.BMC public health · 2023Observational
- Fertility Intention and Influencing Factors for Having a Second Child among Floating Women of Childbearing Age.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Epidemiological characteristics and risk factors of obstetric infection after the Universal Two-Child Policy in North China: a 5-year retrospective study based on 268,311 cases.BMC infectious diseases · 2022Article
- Early-term birth and its association with universal two-child policy: a national cross-sectional study in China.BMJ open · 2021Article
- Predicting the Relation between Biopsychosocial Factors and Type of Childbirth using the Decision Tree Method: A Cohort Study.Iranian journal of medical sciences · 2021Article
- The incidence, risk factors and maternal and foetal outcomes of uterine rupture during different birth policy periods: an observational study in China.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2021Observational
- The Xi'an longitudinal mother-child cohort study: design, study population and methods.European journal of epidemiology · 2021Article
- The rates and medical necessity of cesarean delivery in China, 2012-2019: an inspiration from Jiangsu.BMC medicine · 2021Article
- Trends in cesarean delivery rates in primipara and the associated factors.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2020Article
- Nurses' Job Burnout: A Hybrid Concept Analysis.Journal of caring sciences · 2020Article
- How does the two-child policy affect the sex ratio at birth in China? A cross-sectional study.BMC public health · 2020Article
- Observational
- Intent to have a second child among Chinese women of childbearing age following China's new universal two-child policy: a cross-sectional study.BMJ sexual & reproductive health · 2019Article
- Analysis of prenatal diagnosis before and after implementation of the two-child policy in northeastern China.Medicine · 2019Article
- Association of China's universal two child policy with changes in births and birth related health factors: national, descriptive comparative study.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2019Article
- Impact of the Universal Two-Child Policy on the Workload of Community-Based Basic Public Health Services in Zhejiang Province, China.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesTo assess the influence of second child intent on the delivery preferences and final delivery modes of nulliparous women, particularly caesarean delivery on maternal request (CDMR), after implementation of China's two child policy.
designCross sectional and prospective observational study.
settingA tertiary teaching hospital in Chongqing, China.
participants1000 low risk nulliparous women were initially involved, and were divided into two groups based on their intent on having a second child. 814 women who completed all interviews were analysed.
main outcome measuresPreferred mode of delivery in second trimester and at admission; final delivery mode, CDMR.
results814 women who completed all interviews were analysed, in whom 51.2% intended to have a second child. The preference for caesarean delivery (CD) at the second trimester between the intent and no intent group was 6.2% versus 17.9% (adjusted RR 0.35, 95% CI 0.20 to 0.63) and increased to 24.2% versus 37.3% (adjusted RR 0.65, 95% CI 0.45 to 0.94) at admission, respectively. The overall CD rates between the two groups were 41.0% versus 50.4% (adjusted RR 0.84, 95% CI 0.60 to 1.18), and the CDMR rates were 16.7% versus 29.0% (adjusted RR 0.56, 95% CI 0.37 to 0.86), respectively.
conclusionsWomen who intend to have a second child are less likely to request a CD, and high rates of CD and CDMR in nulliparous women may have decreased after implementation of China's two child policy.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.