ArticleToxins2017
Modulation of Intestinal Epithelial Permeability in Differentiated Caco-2 Cells Exposed to Aflatoxin M1 and Ochratoxin A Individually or Collectively.
Article in Toxins, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
49 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 96 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Natural occurrence of ustiloxin A and D in rice in China.Mycotoxin research · 2026Article
- Targeting Mycotoxin Toxicity: From Molecular Mechanisms to Nutritional Interventions.Veterinary sciences · 2026Review
- Synbiotic Diet PreventsCurrent issues in molecular biology · 2026Article
- Characterization and Anti-Inflammatory Effects ofMicroorganisms · 2025Article
- Aflatoxin B1: Challenges and Strategies for the Intestinal Microbiota and Intestinal Health of Monogastric Animals.Toxins · 2025Review
- The gut microbiota and its metabolites: novel therapeutic targets for inflammatory bowel disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Extraction and Identification of Polysaccharide fromInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Aflatoxin M1 decreases the expression of genes encoding tight junction proteins and influences the intestinal epithelial integrity.Mycotoxin research · 2023Article
- Effects of antimicrobial peptide and tributyrin on fecal microflora and blood indices of female calves.Food science & nutrition · 2023Article
- Article
- Combined Effects of Acrylamide and Ochratoxin A on the Intestinal Barrier in Caco-2 Cells.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Traditional and emergingAnimal nutrition (Zhongguo xu mu shou yi xue hui) · 2023Article
- Evaluation of the Efficacy of Xyloglucan, Pea Protein andInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Calcium-Sensitive Receptors Alters Intestinal Microbiota Metabolites Especially SCFAs and Ameliorates Intestinal Barrier Damage in Neonatal Rat Endotoxemia.Infection and drug resistance · 2023Article
- Crosstalk between Mycotoxins and Intestinal Microbiota and the Alleviation Approach via Microorganisms.Toxins · 2022Review
- Metabolites ofFood science of animal resources · 2022Article
- Article
- Article
- Metabolomic Analysis Reveals the Mechanisms of Hepatotoxicity Induced by Aflatoxin M1 and Ochratoxin A.Toxins · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) and ochratoxin A (OTA) are mycotoxins commonly found in milk; however, their effects on intestinal epithelial cells have not been reported. In the present study, we show that AFM1 (0.12 and 12 μM) and OTA (0.2 and 20 μM) individually or collectively increased the paracellular flux of lucifer yellow and fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-dextrans (4 and 40 kDa) and decreased transepithelial electrical resistance values in differentiated Caco-2 cells after 48 h of exposure, indicating increased epithelial permeability. Immunoblotting and immunofluorescent analysis revealed that AFM1, OTA, and their combination decreased the expression levels of tight junction (TJ) proteins and disrupted their structures, namely, claudin-3, claudin-4, occludin, and zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), and p44/42 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) partially involved in the mycotoxins-induced disruption of intestinal barrier. The effects of a combination of AFM1 and OTA on intestinal barrier function were more significant (
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.