SynthesisExperimental brain research2018
Mapping of non-numerical domains on space: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Experimental brain research, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed.
- Spatial-numerical associations survive spatial frequency equalization in an adult unimanual SNARC task.Psychonomic bulletin & review · 2026Article
- Changing speed along the mental line: A SNARC-like effect for visual acceleration.Psychonomic bulletin & review · 2026Article
- The STEARC effect revisited: does time shape spatial attention and memory?Cognitive processing · 2026Article
- Explicit and implicit spatial mapping of face age.Psychological research · 2026Article
- Culture shapes the SNARC-like effect for visual speed.Psychonomic bulletin & review · 2026Article
- Seeing the fours before the threes: investigating numerical signatures with hierarchical navon stimuli.Psychological research · 2025Article
- A SNARC-like effect for visual speed.Attention, perception & psychophysics · 2025Article
- The spatial coding of responses can depend on the spatial features of action goals.Psychological research · 2025Article
- Effect of spatial training on space-number mapping: a situated cognition account.Psychological research · 2025Article
- Number, size, and space associated in a common system by distinct mechanisms.Psychological research · 2024Article
- Simultaneous but independent spatial associations for pitch and loudness.Psychological research · 2024Article
- Beyond fixed sets: boundary conditions for obtaining SNARC-like effects with continuous semantic magnitudes.Psychological research · 2024Article
- Horizontal mapping of time-related words in first and second language.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Analogue magnitude representation of angles and its relation to geometric expertise.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- The effect of aging and emotions on time processing.Aging clinical and experimental research · 2023Article
- Contrasting symbolic and non-symbolic numerical representations in a joint classification task.Psychonomic bulletin & review · 2023Article
- Time reproduction, bisection and doubling: a novel paradigm to investigate the effect of the internal clock on time estimation.Psychological research · 2023Article
- When time stands upright: STEARC effects along the vertical axis.Psychological research · 2023Article
- Ranking-space: magnitude makes sense through spatially scaffolded ranking.Frontiers in psychology · 2023Article
- A systematic investigation reveals that Ishihara et al.'s (2008) STEARC effect only emerges when time is directly assessed.Scientific reports · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The spatial numerical association of response code (SNARC) effect is characterized by low numbers mapped to the left side of space and high numbers mapped to the right side of space. In addition to numbers, SNARC-like effects have been found in non-numerical magnitude domains such as time, size, letters, luminance, and more, whereby the smaller/earlier and larger/later magnitudes are typically mapped to the left and right of space, respectively. The purpose of this systematic and meta-analytic review was to identify and summarise all empirical papers that have investigated horizontal (left-right) SNARC-like mappings using non-numerical stimuli. A systematic search was conducted using EMBASE, Medline, and PsycINFO, where 2216 publications were identified, with 57 papers meeting the inclusion criteria (representing 112 experiments). Ninety-five of these experiments were included in a meta-analysis, resulting in an overall effect size of d = .488 for a SNARC-like effect. Additional analyses revealed a significant effect size advantage for explicit instruction tasks compared with implicit instructions, yet yielded no difference for the role of expertise on SNARC-like effects. There was clear evidence for a publication bias in the field, but the impact of this bias is likely to be modest, and it is unlikely that the SNARC-like effect is a pure artefact of this bias. The similarities in the response properties for the spatial mappings of numerical and non-numerical domains support the concept of a general higher order magnitude system. Yet, further research will need to be conducted to identify all the factors modulating the strength of the spatial associations.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.