ReviewHearing research2018
Communication pathways to and from the inner ear and their contributions to drug delivery.
Review in Hearing research, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 102 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
102 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Lymphatic and Glymphatic Alterations in Auditory Disorders: A Rapid Review-Informed Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Pooled it
- Inner Ear Pharmacotherapy for Residual Hearing Preservation in Cochlear Implant Surgery: A Systematic Review.Biomolecules · 2022Pooled it
- MRI-based measurement of inner ear fluids reveals increased endolymph volume variability in patients with endolymphatic hydrops and hearing instability.Scientific reports · 2025Trial
- NADPH oxidase 3 inhibition preserves hearing in mice after stereotactic radiosurgery.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2026Article
- Review
- Fabrication of RADA32/Ngf_EE/MSCs composite hydrogel and its protective mechanism against radiation-induced ototoxicity.iScience · 2026Article
- Audiovestibular manifestations of intracranial hypotension: a descriptive clinical series.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2026Observational
- Drug Discovery Targeting Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors for Hearing Loss.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Evaluation of Intratympanic Alpha-Lipoic Acid and Diltiazem as Alternatives to Dexamethasone in Noise-Induced Hearing Loss in a Murine Model.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Long-term in vivo pharmacokinetics of dexamethasone-loaded cochlear implant electrode carrier dummies with optimized release profiles.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Article
- Engineered Exosomes: Advances in Therapeutic Applications for Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Diseases.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- How Effective are Exosomes in Overcoming Blood-Labyrinth Barrier in Sensorineural Hearing Loss? A Comprehensive Review of the Literature.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- Engineered Inner Ear Drug Delivery Systems for Hearing Loss Treatment.Research (Washington, D.C.) · 2026Review
- ALZET pump implantation in mice for chronic drug delivery to the cochlea.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Exploring AAV-Mediated Gene Therapy for Inner Ear Diseases: from Preclinical Success to Clinical Potential.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Review
- Hearing loss: a global view for gene therapy approaches and challenges.European journal of pediatrics · 2025Review
- Inability of α-cyclodextrins to accommodate cholesterol potentially underlies their lack of efficacy and ototoxicity in Niemann-Pick disease type C treatment.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Single Administration of AAV-mAtp6v1b2 Gene Therapy Rescues Hearing and Vestibular Disorders Caused by Atp6v1b2-Induced Lysosomal Dysfunction in Hair Cells.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Virally mediated enhancement of efferent inhibition reduces acoustic trauma in wild-type murine cochleas.Molecular therapy. Methods & clinical development · 2025Article
42 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The environment of the inner ear is highly regulated in a manner that some solutes are permitted to enter while others are excluded or transported out. Drug therapies targeting the sensory and supporting cells of the auditory and vestibular systems require the agent to gain entry to the fluid spaces of the inner ear, perilymph or endolymph, which surround the sensory organs. Access to the inner ear fluids from the vasculature is limited by the blood-labyrinth barriers, which include the blood-perilymph and blood-strial barriers. Intratympanic applications provide an alternative approach in which drugs are applied locally. Drug from the applied solution enters perilymph through the round window membrane, through the stapes, and under some circumstances, through thin bone in the otic capsule. The amount of drug applied to the middle ear is always substantially more than the amount entering perilymph. As a result, significant amounts of the applied drug can pass to the digestive system, to the vasculature, and to the brain. Drugs in perilymph pass to the vasculature and to cerebrospinal fluid via the cochlear aqueduct. Conversely, drugs applied to cerebrospinal fluid, including those given intrathecally, can enter perilymph through the cochlear aqueduct. Other possible routes in or out of the ear include passage by neuronal pathways, passage via endolymph and the endolymphatic sac, and possibly via lymphatic pathways. A better understanding of the pathways for drug movements in and out of the ear will enable better intervention strategies.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.