ArticleFrontiers in behavioral neuroscience2017
Digit Ratio (2D:4D) Predicts Self-Reported Measures of General Competitiveness, but Not Behavior in Economic Experiments.
Article in Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Correlation Between Propulsive Velocity, Maximum Velocity, and Power and the 2D:4D Ratio in Paralympic Powerlifting Athletes.BioMed research international · 2025Article
- Self-Efficacy and the Digit Ratio in a Group of Sports University Students.Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology · 2023Article
- Transwoman Elite Athletes: Their Extra Percentage Relative to Female Physiology.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Review
- 2D:4D and Self-Employment: A Preregistered Replication Study in a Large General Population Sample.Entrepreneurship theory and practice · 2022Article
- Overclaiming is not related to dark triad personality traits or stated and revealed risk preferences.PloS one · 2021Article
- Sexual Dimorphism in Titi Monkeys' Digit (2D:4D) Ratio is Associated with Maternal Urinary Sex Hormones During Pregnancy.Developmental psychobiology · 2020Article
- The digit ratio (2D:4D) and economic preferences: no robust associations in a sample of 330 women.Journal of the Economic Science Association · 2019Article
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4 authors.
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Abstract
The ratio of index finger length to ring finger length (2D:4D) is considered to be a putative biomarker of prenatal androgen exposure (PAE), with previous research suggesting that 2D:4D is associated with human behaviors, especially sex-typical behaviors. This study empirically examines the relationship between 2D:4D and individual competitiveness, a behavioral trait that is found to be sexually dimorphic. We employ two related, but distinct, measures of competitiveness, namely behavioral measures obtained from economic experiments and psychometric self-reported measures. Our analyses are based on two independent data sets obtained from surveys and economic experiments with 461 visitors of a shopping mall (Study I) and 617 university students (Study II). The correlation between behavior in the economic experiment and digit ratios of both hands is not statistically significant in either study. In contrast, we find a negative and statistically significant relationship between psychometric self-reported measures of competitiveness and right hand digit ratios (R2D:4D) in both studies. This relationship is especially strong for younger people. Hence, this study provides some robust empirical evidence for a negative association between R2D:4D and self-reported competitiveness. We discuss potential reasons why digit ratio may relate differently to behaviors in specific economics experiments and to self-reported general competitiveness.
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