ReviewFrontiers in neural circuits2017
Evolution, Development and Function of Vertebrate Cone Oil Droplets.
Review in Frontiers in neural circuits, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 80 citations in OpenAlex.
- Beyond SWS1 Cones: Canonical and Noncanonical Routes of Ultraviolet Sensitivity in the Avian Retina.Birds (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Accessible and robust machine learning approaches to improve the opsin genotype-phenotype map.Molecular biology and evolution · 2026Article
- Minimal Mimics and Maps of Natural Light for Mammals.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2026Article
- Visual pigments of basal lineages of bony fishes support independent ecological shifts from a shallow marine to a freshwater niche.Evolution letters · 2026Article
- Light intensity and opsin sensitivity shape the morphology of cone photoreceptor outer segments.PLoS biology · 2026Article
- Carotenoid bioavailability in humans reflects the mammalian nocturnal bottleneck: a position paper.Journal of clinical biochemistry and nutrition · 2026Article
- A standardized nomenclature for the rods and cones of the vertebrate retina.PLoS biology · 2025Article
- Lipid droplets sequester palmitic acid to disrupt endothelial ciliation and exacerbate atherosclerosis in male mice.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Species-specific circuitry of double cone photoreceptors in two avian retinas.Communications biology · 2024Article
- Insights into the evolution of photoreceptor oil droplets in frogs and toads.Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2024Article
- Ancestral photoreceptor diversity as the basis of visual behaviour.Nature ecology & evolution · 2024Review
- Discovering genotype-phenotype relationships with machine learning and the Visual Physiology Opsin Database (VPOD).GigaScience · 2024Article
- From water to land: Evolution of photoreceptor circuits for vision in air.PLoS biology · 2024Article
- Selection on Visual Opsin Genes in Diurnal Neotropical Frogs and Loss of the SWS2 Opsin in Poison Frogs.Molecular biology and evolution · 2023Article
- Astaxanthin: Past, Present, and Future.Marine drugs · 2023Review
- Birds multiplex spectral and temporal visual information via retinal On- and Off-channels.Nature communications · 2023Article
- An Overview of the Penguin Visual System.Vision (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Aster la vista: Unraveling the biochemical basis of carotenoid homeostasis in the human retina.BioEssays : news and reviews in molecular, cellular and developmental biology · 2022Article
- A mechanism for red coloration in vertebrates.Current biology : CB · 2022Article
- Mitochondria in cone photoreceptors act as microlenses to enhance photon delivery and confer directional sensitivity to light.Science advances · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
To distinguish colors, the nervous system must compare the activity of distinct subtypes of photoreceptors that are maximally sensitive to different portions of the light spectrum. In vertebrates, a variety of adaptations have arisen to refine the spectral sensitivity of cone photoreceptors and improve color vision. In this review article, we focus on one such adaptation, the oil droplet, a unique optical organelle found within the inner segment of cone photoreceptors of a diverse array of vertebrate species, from fish to mammals. These droplets, which consist of neutral lipids and carotenoid pigments, are interposed in the path of light through the photoreceptor and modify the intensity and spectrum of light reaching the photosensitive outer segment. In the course of evolution, the optical function of oil droplets has been fine-tuned through changes in carotenoid content. Species active in dim light reduce or eliminate carotenoids to enhance sensitivity, whereas species active in bright light precisely modulate carotenoid double bond conjugation and concentration among cone subtypes to optimize color discrimination and color constancy. Cone oil droplets have sparked the curiosity of vision scientists for more than a century. Accordingly, we begin by briefly reviewing the history of research on oil droplets. We then discuss what is known about the developmental origins of oil droplets. Next, we describe recent advances in understanding the function of oil droplets based on biochemical and optical analyses. Finally, we survey the occurrence and properties of oil droplets across the diversity of vertebrate species and discuss what these patterns indicate about the evolutionary history and function of this intriguing organelle.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.