ArticleEndocrine2018
Effects of growth hormone on thyroid function are mediated by type 2 iodothyronine deiodinase in humans.
Article in Endocrine, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- Influence of long-acting growth hormone analogs on other hypothalamic-pituitary axes: a real-world study.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2026Article
- Utility of Postoperative Thyroid Hormone Levels in Predicting the Diagnosis of Adult Growth Hormone Deficiency in Patients Undergoing Surgery for Nonfunctioning Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor: A Pilot Study.International journal of endocrinology · 2026Article
- Functional Properties of POU1F1 Mutants in the Transcriptional Regulation of the Thyrotropin β Gene Compared with the Prolactin Gene.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Predictors of growth hormone level on postoperative day one in patients with acromegaly.Endocrine · 2025Article
- An Update on Advances in Hypopituitarism: Etiology, Diagnosis, and Current Management.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Diagnosis and Treatment of Nonfunctioning Pituitary Adenomas with Thyroid Disorders.International journal of endocrinology · 2023Article
- Growth Hormone and Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 Regulation of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2022 · on this mapReview
- Thyroid Function Alteration in Obesity and the Effect of Bariatric Surgery.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Review
- A Real-World Study of Recombinant Human Growth Hormone in the Treatment of Idiopathic Short Stature and Growth Hormone Deficiency.Therapeutics and clinical risk management · 2022Article
- Thyroid Hormone Changes Related to Growth Hormone Therapy in Growth Hormone Deficient Patients.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Review
- Decreased Thyroxine Levels during rhGH Therapy in Children with Growth Hormone Deficiency.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Article
- One-year follow-up of thyroid function in 23 infants with Prader- Willi syndrome at a single center in China.Intractable & rare diseases research · 2021Article
- Growth Hormone Receptor (GHR) 6Ω Pseudoexon Activation: a Novel Cause of Severe Growth Hormone Insensitivity.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2021Article
- Novel insights into di‑(2‑ethylhexyl)phthalate activation: Implications for the hypothalamus‑pituitary‑thyroid axis.Molecular medicine reports · 2021Article
- GH Deficiency and Replacement Therapy in Hypopituitarism: Insight Into the Relationships With Other Hypothalamic-Pituitary Axes.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2021Review
- Altered GH-IGF-1 Axis in Severe Obese Subjects is Reversed after Bariatric Surgery-Induced Weight Loss and Related with Low-Grade Chronic Inflammation.Journal of clinical medicine · 2020Article
- Central Resistance to Thyroid Hormones in Morbidly Obese Subjects Is Reversed after Bariatric Surgery-Induced Weight Loss.Journal of clinical medicine · 2020Article
- The Role of the Thyroid Axis in Fish.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2020Review
- Effect of Weight Loss after Bariatric Surgery on Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone Levels in Euthyroid Patients with Morbid Obesity.Nutrients · 2019Observational
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeGrowth hormone (GH) therapy in adults alters thyroid function, and acromegaly often involves thyroid disease. The present study aimed to elucidate roles and mechanisms of GH in regulating thyroid function.
methodsWe performed two retrospective observational studies, which focused on consecutive patients with severe adult GH deficiency who received recombinant human GH (rhGH) therapy (n = 20) and consecutive patients with acromegaly who underwent transsphenoidal surgery (TSS) (n = 25). In both studies, serum free triiodothyronine (fT3), free thyroxine (fT4), and fT3/fT4 ratio were examined before and after the interventions. We subsequently administered GH to four human cell lines (HepG2, TSA201, MCF7, and HTC/C3) in vitro, and examined changes in mRNA levels of iodothyronine deiodinases (D1, D2, and D3).
resultsMedian serum fT3 level significantly increased after rhGH therapy from 2.38 to 2.78 pg/mL (p < 0.001), and fT4 decreased from 1.115 to 1.065 ng/dL (p = 0.081). TSS significantly decreased median serum fT3 from 3.03 to 2.53 pg/mL (p < 0.001), and increased fT4 from 1.230 to 1.370 ng/dL (p < 0.001). In vitro, GH significantly increased D2 expression at the mRNA level in HTC/C3 cells (p < 0.01), as well as D2 protein and its activity.
conclusionsGH increased serum fT3 level and decreased serum fT4 level in humans. Our results suggest that its mechanism involves D2 upregulation. Considering this GH effect on thyroid hormone metabolism, data on thyroid function could be useful in the management of GH deficiency and acromegaly.
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