Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29269731›Full record

Trial reportNutrition & diabetes2017

Twelve-month outcomes of a randomized trial of a moderate-carbohydrate versus very low-carbohydrate diet in overweight adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus or prediabetes.

Laura R Saslow, Jennifer J Daubenmier, Judith T Moskowitz, Sarah Kim, Elizabeth J Murphy, Stephen D Phinney, Robert Ploutz-Snyder, Veronica Goldman, Rachel M Cox, Ashley E Mason and 2 more

2 registry-linked trialsOpen access · goldAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Nutrition & diabetes, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 127 papers, 16 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
127citing papers in PubMed, 16 pooled it
10.4field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT04586829 naunknown statusnot on this mapstarted 2020, after this paper: background citation

The Effect of Two Dietary Interventions on the Symptomatic Control of People Living With Anxiety Disorders.

TypeinterventionalSponsorInstituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y Nutricion Salvador ZubiranRan2020 to 2024Enrolled35ConditionsAnxiety DisordersArmsDiet
NCT05275608 narecruitingnot on this mapstarted 2022, after this paper: background citation

Effects of Very Low Calorie Ketogenic Diet on Microbiota, Adipose Tissue and Immunitary Regulation: Pilot Study on Patients with Metabolic Syndrome

TypeinterventionalSponsorAzienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Maggiore della CaritaRan2022 to 2025Enrolled40ConditionsDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, Obesity, Metabolic SyndromeArmsVLCKD diet with replacing meals, Hypocaloric mediterranean Diet
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

127 citing papers in PubMed, 16 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 244 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Relationship between Aging and Ketogenic Diet: A Bibliometric Analysis (1995-2025)Endocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets · 2026
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  8. American Association of Clinical Endocrinology Clinical Practice Guideline: Developing a Diabetes Mellitus Comprehensive Care Plan-2022 Update.Endocrine practice : official journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists · 2022
    Guideline
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67 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.

Laura R SaslowUniversity of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. saslowl@umich.edu.ORCID 0000-0003-3991-3205
Jennifer J DaubenmierSan Francisco State University, San Francisco, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-5678-4068
Judith T MoskowitzNorthwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-1399-3318
Sarah KimUniversity of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-3599-5509
Elizabeth J MurphyUniversity of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-7687-2831
Stephen D PhinneyVirta Health, San Francisco, CA, 94105, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-3322-3978
Robert Ploutz-SnyderUniversity of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-8503-2073
Veronica GoldmanUniversity of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-9402-0800
Rachel M CoxUCSF Benioff Children's Hospital Oakland, Oakland, CA, USA.
Ashley E MasonUniversity of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-8744-0185
Patricia MoranUniversity of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-2422-3471
Frederick M HechtUniversity of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-5782-1171
University of California, San Francisco · USUniversity of Michigan · USNorthwestern University · USSan Francisco State University · USUCSF Benioff Children's Hospital · US

Funding

UCSF Nutrition Obesity Research CenterP30DK098722 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI CHRISTIAN VAISSE · 2015 to 2026
$14.6M
Research BaseP30DK092926 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI MARY ELLEN MICHELE HEISLER, ADESUWA B OLOMU · 2011 to 2026
$10.0M
Training Researchers in Clinical Integrative Medicine (TRIM) - NOSI supplementT32AT003997 · NCCIH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI SHELLEY R ADLER, MARIA T CHAO · 2007 to 2026
$6.6M
Mentoring and Research in Integrative MedicineK24AT007827 · NCCIH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI HECHT, FREDERICK M · 2013 to 2022
$1.8M
An experimental medicine approach toward the identification of a compulsive overeating phenotype in obesityK23HL133442 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI MASON, ASHLEY E. · 2016 to 2020
$1.1M
Optimization of a Multicomponent Diet Intervention in Type 2 DiabetesK01DK107456 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI SASLOW, LAURA · 2016 to 2020
$777k
Positive Affect Regulation for HIV Prevention in People with Mood DisordersK24MH093225 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI MOSKOWITZ, JUDITH T. · 2011 to 2015
$713k
NCCIH NIH HHS K24 AT007827NCCIH NIH HHS T32 AT003997NHLBI NIH HHS K23 HL133442NIDDK NIH HHS K01 DK107456NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK092926NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK098722NIMH NIH HHS K24 MH093225
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Dietary treatment is important in management of type 2 diabetes or prediabetes, but uncertainty exists about the optimal diet. We randomized adults (n = 34) with glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) > 6.0% and elevated body weight (BMI > 25) to a very low-carbohydrate ketogenic (LCK) diet (n = 16) or a moderate-carbohydrate, calorie-restricted, low-fat (MCCR) diet (n = 18). All participants were encouraged to be physically active, get sufficient sleep, and practice behavioral adherence strategies based on positive affect and mindful eating. At 12 months, participants in the LCK group had greater reductions in HbA1c levels (estimated marginal mean (EMM) at baseline = 6.6%, at 12 mos = 6.1%) than participants in MCCR group (EMM at baseline = 6.9%, at 12 mos = 6.7%), p = .007. Participants in the LCK group lost more weight (EMM at baseline = 99.9 kg, at 12 mos = 92.0 kg) than participants in the MCCR group (EMM at baseline = 97.5 kg, at 12 mos = 95.8 kg), p < .001. The LCK participants experienced larger reductions in diabetes-related medication use; of participants who took sulfonylureas or dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors at baseline, 6/10 in the LCK group discontinued these medications compared with 0/6 in the MCCR group (p = .005). In a 12-month trial, adults with elevated HbA1c and body weight assigned to an LCK diet had greater reductions in HbA1c, lost more weight, and reduced more medications than those instructed to follow an MCCR diet.

Indexed as

Diet, Carbohydrate-RestrictedObesityAdolescentAdultBlood GlucoseCholesterolDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Dietary CarbohydratesDiet, KetogenicFemaleGlycated HemoglobinHumansMaleMiddle AgedPrediabetic StateTreatment OutcomeBlood GlucoseCholesterolDietary CarbohydratesGlycated Hemoglobin

Identifiers

PMID29269731
PMCPMC5865541
OpenAlexW2775510470

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.