ArticleJournal of the National Cancer Institute2018
Differences in Virological and Immunological Risk Factors for Non-Hodgkin and Hodgkin Lymphoma.
Article in Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Genetic variation near CXCL12 is associated with susceptibility to HIV-related non-Hodgkin lymphoma.Haematologica · 2021Pooled it
- Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphomas in the post-antiretroviral therapy era according to HIV virological suppression.HIV medicine · 2026Observational
- [How I treat lymphomas associated with HIV infection].Zhonghua xue ye xue za zhi = Zhonghua xueyexue zazhi · 2025Article
- Human immunodeficiency virus-associated Lymphomas: EHA-ESMO Clinical Practice Guideline for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up.HemaSphere · 2024Article
- Stage-adapted treatment of HIV-associated Hodgkin lymphoma: Long-term results of a prospective, multicenter study.HemaSphere · 2024Article
- Cauda equina syndrome in a patient with human immunodeficiency virus and secondary central nervous system lymphoma: a case report.Journal of medical case reports · 2023Review
- HIV-related non-Hodgkin lymphomas affecting the oral cavity: a clinicopathologic study of 11 cases.Medicina oral, patologia oral y cirugia bucal · 2022Article
- Immune Activation and Microbial Translocation as Prognostic Biomarkers for AIDS-Related Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma in the AMC-034 Study.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2021Article
- Immunophenotypic characterization of TCR γδ T cells and MAIT cells in HIV-infected individuals developing Hodgkin's lymphoma.Infectious agents and cancer · 2021Article
- Immunotherapy in People With HIV and Cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Review
- Non-Hodgkin lymphoma risk in adults living with HIV across five continents.AIDS (London, England) · 2018Article
- Trends in malignancies among patients having human immunodeficiency virus infection attending a tertiary care hospital in southwest India.Medical journal, Armed Forces IndiaArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 9 institutions in 7 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Background: Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) are increased in populations with immune dysfunction, including people living with HIV; however, there is little evidence for to what degree immunological and virological factors differently affect NHL and HL risk. Methods: Data from the Data Collection on Adverse events of Anti-HIV Drugs Study cohort were analyzed to identify independent risk factors for NHL and HL using hazard ratios (HRs), focusing on current and cumulative area under the curve (AUC) measures of immunological and virological status. Variables with different associations with NHL and HL were identified using marginal Cox models. All statistical tests were two-sided. Results: Among 41 420 people followed for 337 020 person-years, 392 developed NHL (incidence rate = 1.17/1000 person-years of follow-up [PYFU], 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.06 to 1.30) and 149 developed HL (incidence rate = 0.44/1000 PYFU, 95% CI = 0.38 to 0.52). Higher risk of both NHL and HL was associated with lower current CD4 cell count (adjusted HR [aHR] of NHL for CD4 <100 vs > 599 cells/mm3 = 8.08, 95% CI = 5.63 to 11.61; HL = 4.58, 95% CI = 2.22 to 9.45), whereas higher current HIV viral load (aHR of NHL for HIV-VL >1000 vs < 50 copies/mL = 1.97, 95% CI = 1.50 to 2.59) and higher AUC of HIV-VL (aHR of NHL for highest vs lowest quintile = 2.91, 95% CI = 1.92 to 4.41) were associated with NHL only. Both current and AUC of HIV-VL were factors that had different associations with NHL and HL, where the hazard ratio for NHL was progressively higher than for HL with increasing HIV-VL category. Lower current CD4 cell count had a strong but similar association with both NHL and HL. Conclusions: CD4 depletion increased risk of both types of lymphomas while current and accumulated HIV-VL was associated with NHL only. This suggests that NHL development is related to both CD4 cell depletion and added immune dysfunction derived from ongoing HIV replication. This latter factor was not associated with HL risk.
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