Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29267188›Full record

ReviewMolecules (Basel, Switzerland)2017

Magnetic Nanoparticles in the Central Nervous System: Targeting Principles, Applications and Safety Issues.

Federico D'Agata, Federico Alessandro Ruffinatti, Silvia Boschi, Ilaria Stura, Innocenzo Rainero, Ornella Abollino, Roberta Cavalli, Caterina Guiot

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
51citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

51 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Federico D'AgataDepartment of Neuroscience, University of Turin, 10124 Turin, Italy. federico.dagata@unito.it.
Federico Alessandro RuffinattiDepartment of Neuroscience, University of Turin, 10124 Turin, Italy. federicoalessandro.ruffinatti@unito.it.
Silvia BoschiDepartment of Neuroscience, University of Turin, 10124 Turin, Italy. silvia.boschi@unito.it.
Ilaria SturaDepartment of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10124 Turin, Italy. ilaria.stura@unito.it.ORCID 0000-0001-9815-5446
Innocenzo RaineroDepartment of Neuroscience, University of Turin, 10124 Turin, Italy. innocenzo.rainero@unito.it.
Ornella AbollinoDepartment of Chemistry, University of Turin, 10124 Turin, Italy. ornella.abollino@unito.it.ORCID 0000-0003-2350-4941
Roberta CavalliDepartment of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, 10124 Turin, Italy. roberta.cavalli@unito.it.
Caterina GuiotDepartment of Neuroscience, University of Turin, 10124 Turin, Italy. caterina.guiot@unito.it.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

One of the most challenging goals in pharmacological research is overcoming the Blood Brain Barrier (BBB) to deliver drugs to the Central Nervous System (CNS). The use of physical means, such as steady and alternating magnetic fields to drive nanocarriers with proper magnetic characteristics may prove to be a useful strategy. The present review aims at providing an up-to-date picture of the applications of magnetic-driven nanotheranostics agents to the CNS. Although well consolidated on physical ground, some of the techniques described herein are still under investigation on in vitro or in silico models, while others have already entered in-or are close to-clinical validation. The review provides a concise overview of the physical principles underlying the behavior of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) interacting with an external magnetic field. Thereafter we describe the physiological pathways by which a substance can reach the brain from the bloodstream and then we focus on those MNP applications that aim at a nondestructive crossing of the BBB such as static magnetic fields to facilitate the passage of drugs and alternating magnetic fields to increment BBB permeability by magnetic heating. In conclusion, we briefly cite the most notable biomedical applications of MNPs and some relevant remarks about their safety and potential toxicity.

Indexed as

AnimalsBiological TransportBlood-Brain BarrierBrainCentral Nervous SystemDrug Delivery SystemsDrug LiberationHumansMagnetic FieldsMagnetite NanoparticlesModels, BiologicalParticle SizePermeabilitySurface PropertiesMagnetite Nanoparticlesblood brain barriercentral nervous systemdeliverymagnetic nanoparticlestargeting

Identifiers

PMID29267188
PMCPMC5943969

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.