ArticleArthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.)2018
Antibody Responses to Citrullinated and Noncitrullinated Antigens in the Sputum of Subjects With Rheumatoid Arthritis and Subjects at Risk for Development of Rheumatoid Arthritis.
Article in Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.), 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04474392 (Sputum Studies of Anti-Citrullinated Protein Antibodies), which is not on this map. Cited by 50 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Sputum Studies of Anti-Citrullinated Protein Antibodies (ACPA) and Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) Origins
Who cites it
50 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 73 citations in OpenAlex.
- Meta-analysis identifies the major impact of patient classification on the ACPA association with rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease (RA-ILD).Arthritis research & therapy · 2025Pooled it
- Secretory antibodies to citrullinated peptides in plasma and saliva from rheumatoid arthritis patients and their unaffected first-degree relatives.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2020Trial
- Autoantibodies and T Cells Target Citrullinated and Homocitrullinated Antigens in Rheumatoid Arthritis.Immunological reviews · 2026Review
- Anti-Modified Protein Antibodies in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Pathogenic, Protective, or Passive Bystander?Immunological reviews · 2026Review
- Anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2026Article
- Association between systemic immune-inflammation index and disease activity score 28 in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a cross-sectional study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- More than a leaky gut: how gut priming shapes arthritis.Nature reviews. Rheumatology · 2025Review
- Induced sputum: current progress and prospect.European journal of medical research · 2025Review
- The Therapeutic Potential of Phytochemicals Unlocks New Avenues in the Management of Rheumatoid Arthritis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Microbial pathways contributing to the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis.Seminars in arthritis and rheumatism · 2025Review
- Article
- Citrullinated peptides as drug candidates for rheumatoid arthritis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Distinct mucosal endotypes as initiators and drivers of rheumatoid arthritis.Nature reviews. Rheumatology · 2024Review
- Neutrophil extracellular traps in homeostasis and disease.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2024Review
- Quantitative evaluation of citrullinated fibrinogen for detection of neutrophil extracellular traps.Immunologic research · 2024Article
- Fibroblasts in rheumatoid arthritis: novel roles in joint inflammation and beyond.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Review
- Multifaceted immune dysregulation characterizes individuals at-risk for rheumatoid arthritis.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Neutrophil extracellular traps in systemic autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2023Review
- Article
- Immune Responses at Host Barriers and Their Importance in Systemic Autoimmune Diseases.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveThe location and mechanisms involved in the initial generation of autoantibodies to citrullinated and noncitrullinated proteins/peptides during the natural history of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) development is incompletely understood. This study sought to explore individual antibody responses to citrullinated and noncitrullinated proteins/peptides in the sputum and associations with neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in subjects at risk for the future development of RA.
methodsSerum and sputum samples were obtained from 41 RA-free subjects who were considered at risk for the development of RA based on familial or serologic risk factors, from 20 subjects classified as having RA, and from 22 healthy control subjects. Samples were evaluated using a bead-based array for IgG reactivity to 29 citrullinated proteins/peptides and 21 noncitrullinated proteins/peptides. Cutoff levels for antibody positivity were established in a separate control group. NET levels in the sputum were measured using sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays that quantitate DNA-myeloperoxidase and DNA-neutrophil elastase complexes.
resultsIn at-risk subjects, antibody responses to the citrullinated forms of fibrinogen, apolipoprotein E, and fibronectin were highly prevalent. The most citrulline-specific antibodies in the sputum of at-risk subjects were those to fibrinogen, vimentin, and peptides of fibrinogen A and apolipoprotein A1. Patterns of sputum autoantibody positivity differed between at-risk subjects and subjects with RA. In at-risk subjects, increasing sputum NET levels significantly correlated with several citrullinated and some noncitrullinated antibody reactivities.
conclusionThese findings suggest that sputum antibody reactivity to particular citrullinated and noncitrullinated proteins/peptides is specific for RA and for subjects at risk of RA, and the association of these proteins/peptides with NETs may be a key feature of early RA-related autoimmunity in the lung. These results further support the hypothesis that the lung plays a role in early RA-related autoimmunity.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.