ArticleTransplantation2018
Immune Responses of HLA Highly Sensitized and Nonsensitized Patients to Genetically Engineered Pig Cells.
Article in Transplantation, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Future of xenotransplantation in Korea.Clinical transplantation and research · 2026Review
- Antibodies to unknown antigens other than swine leukocyte antigens on GTKO/β4GalNT2KO pig cells are associated with AHXR after pig-to-rhesus monkey kidney transplantation.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Pig Xenotransplantation in Beta Cell Replacement: Addressing Challenges and Harnessing Potential for Type 1 Diabetes Therapy.Transplant international : official journal of the European Society for Organ Transplantation · 2024Review
- The respective relevance of sensitization to alloantigens and xenoantigens in pig organ xenotransplantation.Human immunology · 2023Review
- Serum Antibody Binding and Cytotoxicity to Pig Cells in Chinese Subjects: Relevance to Clinical Renal Xenotransplantation.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Xenotransplantation: A New Era.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- "You cannot stay in the laboratory forever"*: Taking pig kidney xenotransplantation from the laboratory to the clinic.EBioMedicine · 2021Review
- Porcine models of acute kidney injury.American journal of physiology. Renal physiology · 2021Article
- Clinical Pig Kidney Xenotransplantation: How Close Are We?Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN · 2020Review
- Justification of specific genetic modifications in pigs for clinical organ xenotransplantation.Xenotransplantation · 2019Review
- Carbohydrate antigen expression and anti-pig antibodies in New World capuchin monkeys: Relevance to studies of xenotransplantation.Xenotransplantation · 2019Article
- Chronic dialysis in patients with end-stage renal disease: Relevance to kidney xenotransplantation.Xenotransplantation · 2019Review
- Perspectives on the Optimal Genetically Engineered Pig in 2018 for Initial Clinical Trials of Kidney or Heart Xenotransplantation.Transplantation · 2018Review
- Does human leukocyte antigens sensitization matter for xenotransplantation?Xenotransplantation · 2018Review
- Is sensitization to pig antigens detrimental to subsequent allotransplantation?Xenotransplantation · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundWe investigated in vitro whether HLA highly sensitized patients with end-stage renal disease will be disadvantaged immunologically after a genetically engineered pig kidney transplant.
methodsBlood was drawn from patients with a calculated panel-reactive antibody (cPRA) 99% to 100% (Gp1, n = 10) or cPRA 0% (Gp2, n = 12), and from healthy volunteers (Gp3, n = 10). Serum IgM and IgG binding was measured (i) to galactose-α1-3 galactose and N-glycolylneuraminic acid glycans by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and (ii) to pig red blood cell, pig aortic endothelial cells, and pig peripheral blood mononuclear cell from α1,3-galactosyltransferase gene-knockout (GTKO)/CD46 and GTKO/CD46/cytidine monophosphate-N-acetylneuraminic acid hydroxylase-knockout (CMAHKO) pigs by flow cytometry. (iii) T-cell and B-cell phenotypes were determined by flow cytometry, and (iv) proliferation of T-cell and B-cell carboxyfluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester-mixed lymphocyte reaction.
results(i) By enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, there was no difference in IgM or IgG binding to galactose-α1-3 galactose or N-glycolylneuraminic acid between Gps1 and 2, but binding was significantly reduced in both groups compared to Gp3. (ii) IgM and IgG binding in Gps1 and 2 was also significantly lower to GTKO/CD46 pig cells than in healthy controls, but there were no differences between the 3 groups in binding to GTKO/CD46/CMAHKO cells. (iii and iv) Gp1 patients had more memory T cells than Gp2, but there was no difference in T or B cell proliferation when stimulated by any pig cells. The proliferative responses in all 3 groups were weakest when stimulated by GTKO/CD46/CMAHKO pig peripheral blood mononuclear cell.
conclusions(i) End-stage renal disease was associated with low antipig antibody levels. (ii) Xenoreactivity decreased with increased genetic engineering of pig cells. (iii) High cPRA status had no significant effect on antibody binding or T-cell and B-cell response.
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