ReviewCurrent opinion in HIV and AIDS2018
Neutralization tiers of HIV-1.
Review in Current opinion in HIV and AIDS, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 80 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
80 citing papers in PubMed, 103 citations in OpenAlex.
- Use of 3M-052-AF with Alum adjuvant in HIV trimer vaccine induces human autologous neutralizing antibodies.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2024Trial
- Viral load-driven systemic immune exhaustion is an enabler of antibody breadth in HIV infection.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- HIV envelope pseudotyped virus- an indispensable tool in HIV research.Virus research · 2026Review
- Contemporary HIV-1 envelope pseudovirus panels for detecting and assessing B cell lineages with broadly neutralizing antibody potential.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Rapidly acquired HIV-1 neutralization breadth in a rhesus V2 apex knockin mouse model after a single bolus immunization.Science immunology · 2026Article
- Current Approaches for Assessments of Neutralizing, Binding, and Effector Functions of Antibodies on the Path to Antibody-Mediated Prevention Strategies for HIV-1.Current HIV research · 2026Review
- A HiBiT-tagged pseudovirus-like particle platform for safe, rapid quantification of virus neutralization and antibody-dependent enhancement.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- Contemporary HIV-1 envelope pseudovirus panels for detecting and assessing B cell lineages with broadly neutralizing antibody potential.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Article
- Article
- Unpredicted Protective Function of Fc-Mediated Inhibitory Antibodies for HIV and SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2025Review
- Structural development of the HIV-1 apex-directed PGT145-PGDM1400 antibody lineage.Cell reports · 2025Article
- Defining criteria for broadly neutralizing HIV antibodies.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Review
- Induction of Tier 2 HIV-Neutralizing IgA Antibodies in Rhesus Macaques Vaccinated with BG505.664 SOSIP.Vaccines · 2024Article
- Broadly neutralizing antibodies for HIV prevention: a comprehensive review and future perspectives.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2024Review
- Evaluating the antibody response elicited by diverse HIV envelope immunogens in the African green monkey (Vervet) model.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- A panel of hepatitis C virus glycoproteins for the characterization of antibody responses using antibodies with diverse recognition and neutralization patterns.Virus research · 2024Article
- Exploring HIV Vaccine Progress in the Pre-Clinical and Clinical Setting: From History to Future Prospects.Viruses · 2024Review
- SHIV-C109p5 NHP induces rapid disease progression in elderly macaques with extensive GI viral replication.Journal of virology · 2024Article
20 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
purpose of reviewHIV-1 isolates are often classified on the basis of neutralization 'tier' phenotype. Tier classification has important implications for the monitoring and interpretation of vaccine-elicited neutralizing antibody responses. The molecular basis that distinguishes the multiple neutralization phenotypes of HIV-1 has been unclear. We present a model based on the dynamic nature of the HIV-1 envelope glycoproteins and its impact on epitope exposure. We also describe a new approach for ranking HIV-1 vaccine-elicited neutralizing antibody responses. RECENT
findingsThe unliganded trimeric HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein spike spontaneously transitions through at least three conformations. Neutralization tier phenotypes correspond to the frequency by which the trimer exists in a closed (tiers 2 and 3), open (tier 1A), or intermediate (tier 1B) conformation. An increasing number of epitopes become exposed as the trimer opens, making the virus more sensitive to neutralization by certain antibodies. The closed conformation is stabilized by many broadly neutralizing antibodies. SUMMARY: The tier 2 neutralization phenotype is typical of most circulating strains and is associated with a predominantly closed Env trimer configuration that is a high priority to target with vaccines. Assays with tier 1A viruses should be interpreted with caution and with the understanding that they detect many antibody specificities that do not neutralize tier 2 viruses and do not protect against HIV-1 infection.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.