ArticleJournal of the Endocrine Society2017
Body Mass Index and Incident Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes in Children and Young Adults: A Retrospective Cohort Study.
Article in Journal of the Endocrine Society, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 94 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
94 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 159 citations in OpenAlex.
- Assessing the effectiveness of healthy weight interventions in the early years of childhood: a systematic review and meta-analysis of evidence from high-income countries.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2026Pooled it
- The Prevalence of Obesity Among Children With Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.JAMA network open · 2022Pooled it
- The Incidence of Adult-Onset Type 1 Diabetes: A Systematic Review From 32 Countries and Regions.Diabetes care · 2022Pooled it
- Diet, adiposity, and the gut microbiota from infancy to adolescence: A systematic review.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2021Pooled it
- Healthcare utilisation in overweight and obese children: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ open · 2020Pooled it
- Pathophysiology of Type 2 Diabetes in Children and Adolescents.Current diabetes reviews · 2020Pooled it
- Robotic Versus Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass for Morbid Obesity: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Obesity surgery · 2018Pooled it
- Sex as a moderator of body composition following a randomized controlled lifestyle intervention among Latino youth with obesity.Pediatric obesity · 2020Trial
- Metabolic Effects of Antipsychotics on Adiposity and Insulin Sensitivity in Youths: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA psychiatry · 2018Trial
- Effect of lifestyle interventions on pediatric obesity: a lifestyle medicine systematic review.Clinical and experimental pediatrics · 2026Article
- Human Islet miR-199a-5p and miR-214-3p Associate With Donor Age, BMI, and Sex and Mediate Cellular Aging in Islet-Derived Cells.Acta physiologica (Oxford, England) · 2026Article
- The Bidirectional Relationship Between Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and Obesity in Pediatric Patients: A Systematic Review.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- T cell dysregulation and remodeling in pediatric obesity and weight loss.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Development and external validation of an interpretable machine learning-based model for obesity risk prediction in 2-18-year-old children and adolescents in Beijing and Tangshan.Journal of global health · 2026Article
- Physical activity for the co-prevention of myopia and obesity in children and adolescents: a scoping review.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Increased O-GlcNAcylation in Leukocytes from Overweight Pediatric Subjects: A Pilot Study.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Circulating miR-4454 as a potential biomarker for the diagnosis of T2DM and the prediction value of comorbidity and complications in T2DM.BMC endocrine disorders · 2025Article
- Parent and Guardian Opinions on Obesity Medications Use in Adolescents with Obesity and Related Comorbidities.Childhood obesity (Print) · 2025Article
- Metformin Increased Histone Deacetylases 1, 3, and 8 Expressions as Epigenetic Regulators in Type 2 Diabetic Patients.Reports of biochemistry & molecular biology · 2025Article
- Gastroesophageal Reflux and Gastrointestinal Symptoms After Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery in Adolescents: An 8-year Follow-up Analysis.Journal of pediatric surgery · 2025Observational
34 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
contextLittle is known about the association between obesity and temporal trends in the incidence of diabetes in children and young adults.
objectiveWe examined the recent incidence of types 1 and 2 diabetes in relation to a high body mass index (BMI) in UK children and young adults.
designCohort and nested case-control.
settingA total of 375 general practices that contribute to the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD).
participantsA total of 369,362 participants aged 2 to 15 years at BMI measurement in CPRD from 1994 to 2013.
interventionNone.
main outcome measuresIncident type 1 diabetes (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) diagnoses up to age 25 years.
resultsA total of 654 incident cases of T2D and 1318 T1D cases were found. The incidence of T2D per 100,000 persons annually increased from 6.4 in 1994 to 1998 to 33.2 in 2009 to 2013; and that for T1D increased from 38.2 to 52.1 per 100,000 persons during the same period. The incidence of T2D increased in both overweight (85th to 95th percentile for age- and sex-specific BMI;
conclusionsIncreasing obesity has contributed to the increasing incidence of T2D but not T1D among UK children and young adults, with a fourfold greater risk of developing T2D in obese individuals.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.