ArticleThe international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity2017
Maternal restrictive feeding and eating in the absence of hunger among toddlers: a cohort study.
Article in The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Parent-Child influences on child eating self-regulation and weight in early childhood: A systematic review.Appetite · 2022Pooled it
- Protocol for the infant growth and development (iGrowUp) study: the role of food and non-food self-regulation in children's obesity-related risk.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Appetite Self-Regulation in Childhood: A Narrative Review and Conceptual Model of Processes and Mechanisms With Implications for Research and Practice.Nutrition reviews · 2025Review
- Effectiveness of a social cognitive theory and family system theory-based intervention in improving eating behaviors in preschool children.Italian journal of pediatrics · 2025Article
- Mother-child pairs' eating and feeding behaviours in two different nutritional status from two distinct provinces.BMC pediatrics · 2024Article
- Bidirectional Associations between Parental Feeding Practices and Child Eating Behaviors in a Chinese Sample.Nutrients · 2023Article
- Biobehavioral susceptibility for obesity in childhood: Behavioral, genetic and neuroimaging studies of appetite.Physiology & behavior · 2023Review
- Associations between Emotion Regulation, Feeding Practices, and Preschoolers' Food Consumption.Nutrients · 2022Article
- Bidirectional associations between maternal controlling feeding and food responsiveness during infancy.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
- Eating in the absence of hunger in 18-month-old children in a home setting.Pediatric obesity · 2021Article
- A narrative review of highly processed food addiction across the lifespan.Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry · 2021Article
- Observed restrictive feeding practices among low-income mothers of pre-adolescents.Pediatric obesity · 2020Article
- A laboratory-based assessment of mother-child snack food selections and child snack food consumption: Associations with observed and maternal self-report of child feeding practices.Food quality and preference · 2020Article
- Caregiver Influences on Eating Behaviors in Young Children: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2020Review
- Associations between Sleep and Dietary Patterns among Low-Income Children Attending Preschool.Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics · 2019Article
- Approaches to restrictive feeding: Associations with child weight and eating behavior.Eating behaviors · 2018Article
- Child, Caregiver, Family, and Social-Contextual Factors to Consider when Implementing Parent-Focused Child Feeding Interventions.Current nutrition reports · 2018Review
- Identifying behavioral phenotypes for childhood obesity.Appetite · 2018Review
- Observing Maternal Restriction of Food with 3⁻5-Year-Old Children: Relationships with Temperament and Later Body Mass Index (BMI).International journal of environmental research and public health · 2018Observational
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundRestrictive feeding by parents has been associated with greater eating in the absence of hunger (EAH) among children, a risk factor for obesity. However, few studies have examined the association between restrictive feeding and EAH longitudinally, raising questions regarding the direction of associations between restrictive feeding and child EAH. Our objective was to examine the bidirectional prospective associations between restrictive feeding and EAH among toddlers.
methodsLow-income mother-child dyads (n = 229) participated when children were 21, 27, and 33 months old. Restriction with regard to food amount and food quality were measured with the Infant Feeding Styles Questionnaire. EAH was measured as kilocalories of food children consumed after a satiating meal. A cross-lagged analysis adjusting for child sex and weight-for-length z-score was used to simultaneously test cross-sectional and bidirectional prospective associations between each type of restriction and children's EAH.
resultsAt 21 months, mothers of children with greater EAH reported higher restriction with regard to food amount (b = 0.17, p < .05). Restriction with regard to food amount at age 21 months was inversely associated with EAH at 27 months (b = -0.20, p < .05). Restriction with regard to food amount at 27 months was not associated with EAH at 33 months and restriction with regard to food quality was not associated with EAH. EAH did not prospectively predict maternal restriction.
conclusionsNeither restriction with regard to food amount nor food quality increased risk for EAH among toddlers. Current US clinical practice recommendations for parents to avoid restrictive feeding, and the potential utility of restrictive feeding with regard to food amount in early toddlerhood, deserve further consideration.
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Registered trials
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