ArticleThe American journal of gastroenterology2018
Timed Barium Swallow: Diagnostic Role and Predictive Value in Untreated Achalasia, Esophagogastric Junction Outflow Obstruction, and Non-Achalasia Dysphagia.
Article in The American journal of gastroenterology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 84 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
84 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 204 citations in OpenAlex.
- Esophageal and Oropharyngeal Dysphagia: Clinical Recommendations From the United European Gastroenterology and European Society for Neurogastroenterology and Motility.United European gastroenterology journal · 2025Guideline
- ACG Clinical Guidelines: Clinical Use of Esophageal Physiologic Testing.The American journal of gastroenterology · 2020Guideline
- ACG Clinical Guidelines: Diagnosis and Management of Achalasia.The American journal of gastroenterology · 2020Guideline
- European guidelines on achalasia: United European Gastroenterology and European Society of Neurogastroenterology and Motility recommendations.United European gastroenterology journal · 2020Guideline
- Discordance Between Functional Lumen Imaging Probe and Timed Barium Esophagram in Patients With a Chicago Classification v4.0 Manometric Diagnosis of Esophagogastric Junction Outflow Obstruction.Neurogastroenterology and motility · 2026Article
- Machine Learning Clustering Identifies Achalasia-Spectrum Phenotypes in Distal Esophageal Spasm.Journal of neurogastroenterology and motility · 2026Article
- Predicting success after laparoscopic heller myotomy: lessons from 22 years in a resource-limited context.Langenbeck's archives of surgery · 2026Article
- Saudi Gastroenterology Association (SGA) clinical care pathway and standards of care for peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) in achalasia.Saudi journal of gastroenterology : official journal of the Saudi Gastroenterology Association · 2026Article
- MULTICHANNEL INTRALUMINAL IMPEDANCE MAY BE USEFUL TO IDENTIFY CLINICALLY RELEVANT ESOPHAGOGASTRIC JUNCTION OUTFLOW OBSTRUCTION.Arquivos de gastroenterologia · 2026Article
- Review
- A combined endoscopy and functional lumen imaging probe panometry approach can expedite diagnosis of esophageal motility disorders.Gastrointestinal endoscopy · 2025Article
- Validation of Functional Lumen Imaging Probe Panometry Esophageal Motility Classification Version 2.0: A Study of 805 Patients.Neurogastroenterology and motility · 2025Article
- Real-world management of achalasia and esophagogastric junction outlet obstruction in Italy: results from a national survey.Updates in surgery · 2025Article
- Esophageal motility disorders other than achalasia.Abdominal radiology (New York) · 2025Review
- Spectrum of Esophageal Motility Disorders on High-Resolution Manometry in Patients With Non-obstructive Dysphagia.Cureus · 2025Article
- Current status of functional testing for upper gastrointestinal disorders: state-of-the-art review.Singapore medical journal · 2025Review
- Esophageal motility disorders: a gastroenterologists' perspective for radiologists.Abdominal radiology (New York) · 2025Review
- Endoscopic Prediction of Achalasia: Putting the CART Before the CARS.Neurogastroenterology and motility · 2025Article
- Endoscopic Sedation Type During FLIP Panometry Does Not Significantly Impact FLIP Motility Classification Relative to Manometry.Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association · 2025Article
- Diagnostic Accuracy of Timed Barium Esophagram for Achalasia.Gastroenterology · 2025Article
24 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesTimed barium swallow (TBS) assesses esophageal emptying in patients with achalasia and is considered the standard workup for patients with dysphagia. Our aim was to determine the usefulness of TBS in differentiating patients with achalasia (type 1-3), esophagogastric junction outflow obstruction (EGJOO), and non-achalasia dysphagia.
methodsWe performed a retrospective cohort study including consecutive patients who underwent TBS evaluation between May 2013 and September 2015. Patients were separated into untreated achalasia (n=117), EGJOO (n=46), and non-achalasia (n=146) groups. Diagnosis of achalasia/EGJOO was based on high-resolution manometry using Chicago Classification. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to determine the accuracy of TBS (barium height at 1 and 5 min and tablet retention) in identifying achalasia vs. EGJOO and non-achalasia.
resultsBarium column height of 5 cm at 1 min showed a sensitivity of 94% and specificity of 71% and barium column height of 2 cm at 5 min showed a sensitivity of 85% and specificity of 86% in differentiating untreated achalasia from EGJOO and non-achalasia. Combined liquid barium and tablet increases diagnostic yield from 79.5 to 100% in untreated achalasia patients and from 48.9 to 60% in EGJOO patients.
conclusionsTBS is a simple and useful test in differentiating untreated achalasia, EGJOO, and non-achalasia dysphagia. We propose that barium height >2 cm at 5 min be used as cutoff point for identifying achalasia. Combination of liquid barium and tablet increased the diagnostic yield of TBS in achalasia and EGJOO. Retention of barium tablet alone suggests functional/anatomic obstruction at the esophagogastric junction.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.