Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29253268›Full record

ArticleNucleic acids research2018

Bacteriophage DNA glucosylation impairs target DNA binding by type I and II but not by type V CRISPR-Cas effector complexes.

Marnix Vlot, Joep Houkes, Silke J A Lochs, Daan C Swarts, Peiyuan Zheng, Tim Kunne, Prarthana Mohanraju, Carolin Anders, Martin Jinek, John van der Oost and 2 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nucleic acids research, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
44citing papers in PubMed
3.1field-weighted citation impact, top 7% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

44 citing papers in PubMed, 88 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. A pentose, as a cytosine nucleobase modification inApplied and environmental microbiology · 2026
    Article
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Phage susceptibility to a minimal, modular synthetic CRISPR-Cas system inPhilosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2025
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. HyCas9-12aGEP: an efficient genome editing platform forFrontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2024
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Unveil the Secret of the Bacteria and Phage Arms Race.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.

Marnix VlotLaboratory of Microbiology, Department of Agrotechnology and Food Sciences, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
Joep HoukesLaboratory of Microbiology, Department of Agrotechnology and Food Sciences, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
Silke J A LochsLaboratory of Microbiology, Department of Agrotechnology and Food Sciences, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
Daan C SwartsDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Peiyuan ZhengChELSI Institute Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
Tim KunneLaboratory of Microbiology, Department of Agrotechnology and Food Sciences, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
Prarthana MohanrajuLaboratory of Microbiology, Department of Agrotechnology and Food Sciences, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
Carolin AndersDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Martin JinekDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
John van der OostLaboratory of Microbiology, Department of Agrotechnology and Food Sciences, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
Mark J DickmanChELSI Institute Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
Stan J J BrounsLaboratory of Microbiology, Department of Agrotechnology and Food Sciences, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
Wageningen University & Research · NLUniversity of Zurich · CHUniversity of Sheffield · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Prokaryotes encode various host defense systems that provide protection against mobile genetic elements. Restriction-modification (R-M) and CRISPR-Cas systems mediate host defense by sequence specific targeting of invasive DNA. T-even bacteriophages employ covalent modifications of nucleobases to avoid binding and therefore cleavage of their DNA by restriction endonucleases. Here, we describe that DNA glucosylation of bacteriophage genomes affects interference of some but not all CRISPR-Cas systems. We show that glucosyl modification of 5-hydroxymethylated cytosines in the DNA of bacteriophage T4 interferes with type I-E and type II-A CRISPR-Cas systems by lowering the affinity of the Cascade and Cas9-crRNA complexes for their target DNA. On the contrary, the type V-A nuclease Cas12a (also known as Cpf1) is not impaired in binding and cleavage of glucosylated target DNA, likely due to a more open structural architecture of the protein. Our results suggest that CRISPR-Cas systems have contributed to the selective pressure on phages to develop more generic solutions to escape sequence specific host defense systems.

Indexed as

CRISPR-Cas Systems5-MethylcytosineBacteriophage T4Base SequenceCRISPR-Associated Protein 9DNA, ViralEscherichia coliProtein BindingT-Phages5-hydroxymethylcytosine5-MethylcytosineCRISPR-Associated Protein 9DNA, glucosylatedDNA, Viral

Identifiers

PMID29253268
PMCPMC5778469
OpenAlexW2775204276

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.