ArticleJournal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology2018
Risk of Hematologic Malignancies After Radioiodine Treatment of Well-Differentiated Thyroid Cancer.
Article in Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 68 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
68 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 155 citations in OpenAlex.
- 2025 American Thyroid Association Management Guidelines for Adult Patients with Differentiated Thyroid Cancer.Thyroid : official journal of the American Thyroid Association · 2025Guideline
- Second primary malignancy risk in thyroid cancer and matched patients with and without radioiodine therapy analysis from the observational health data sciences and informatics.European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging · 2022Pooled it
- Thyroid function disorders and secondary cancer following haematopoietic stem cell transplantation in pediatrics: State of the art and practical recommendations for a risk-based follow-up.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Pooled it
- Cancer Risk After Radioactive Iodine Treatment for Hyperthyroidism: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.JAMA network open · 2021Pooled it
- Risk of acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome after autotransplants for lymphomas and plasma cell myeloma.Leukemia research · 2018Trial
- An Integrative Variant Scoring Function for Finding Novel Genes Associated with Ovarian and Thyroid Cancer.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026Article
- Association of high-dose radioactive iodine therapy with PPM1D-mutated clonal hematopoiesis in older individuals.Molecular oncology · 2025Article
- Less is more: once vs. multiple radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy in patients with RAI-avid pulmonary micrometastatic differentiated thyroid cancer.European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging · 2025Article
- Post-cytotoxic myeloid neoplasms: a comprehensive analysis of clinicopathologic, genetic profile, latency determinants, and potential prognostic predictors- a single centre study.Annals of hematology · 2025Article
- Age-Specific Risk of Second Primary Malignant Neoplasm After Radioactive Iodine Treatment for Differentiated Thyroid Cancer.JAMA otolaryngology-- head & neck surgery · 2025Article
- Clonal Hematopoiesis Prevalence Years Before a Thyroid Cancer Diagnosis: A Case-Control Study.JCO precision oncology · 2025Article
- Article
- Reflective analysis on the currentEuropean journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging · 2025Article
- A Deep Learning Survival Model for Evaluating the Survival Prognosis of Papillary Thyroid Cancer: A Population-Based Cohort Study.Annals of surgical oncology · 2025Article
- Synchronous presentation of Hodgkin lymphoma and papillary thyroid carcinoma in a young patient: a case review.Journal of surgical case reports · 2025Article
- Beyond the Burn: Leukemia Threats Following Radioactive Iodine Ablation Therapy for Thyroid Cancer.Cancers · 2024Article
- Therapy-related AML: long-term outcome in a large cohort of AML-patients with intensive and non-intensive therapy.Blood cancer journal · 2024Article
- Decision Variables for the Use of Radioactive Iodine in Patients with Thyroid Cancer at Intermediate Risk of Recurrence.Cancers · 2024Review
- Mixed Medullary-Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma with Mixed Lymph Node Metastases: a Case Report and Review of the Literature.Cancer management and research · 2024Article
- Second Primary Malignancy After Radioiodine Therapy in Thyroid Cancer Patient: A Nationwide Study.Nuclear medicine and molecular imaging · 2023Article
8 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
15 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Purpose To investigate the risk and outcomes of second hematologic malignancies (SHMs) in a population-based cohort of patients with well-differentiated thyroid cancer (WDTC) treated or not with radioactive iodine (RAI). Methods Patients with WDTC were identified from SEER registries. Competing risk regression analysis was performed to calculate the risks of SHMs that occurred after WDTC treatment and outcomes after SHM development were assessed. Results Of 148,215 patients with WDTC, 53% received surgery alone and 47% received RAI. In total, 783 patients developed an SHM after a median interval of 6.5 years (interquartile range, 3.3 to 11.2 years) from WDTC diagnosis. In multivariable analysis, compared with those undergoing thyroidectomy alone, RAI treatment was associated with an increased early risk of developing acute myeloid leukemia (AML; hazard ratio, 1.79; 95% CI, 1.13 to 2.82; P = .01) and chronic myeloid leukemia (CML; hazard ratio, 3.44; 95% CI, 1.87 to 6.36; P < .001). This increased risk of AML and CML after RAI treatment was seen even in low-risk and intermediate-risk WDTC tumors. Occurrence of AML but not CML in patients with WDTC was associated with shorter median overall survival compared with matched controls (8.0 years v 31.0 years; P = .001). In addition, AML developing after RAI trended toward inferior survival compared with matched controls with de novo AML (median overall survival, 1.2 years v 2.9 years; P = .06). Conclusion Patients with WDTC treated with RAI had an increased early risk of developing AML and CML but no other hematologic malignancies. AML that arises after RAI treatment has a poor prognosis. RAI use in patients with WDTC should be limited to patients with high-risk disease features, and patients with WDTC treated with adjuvant RAI should be monitored for myeloid malignancies as part of cancer surveillance.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.