Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29248018›Full record

ArticleEpidemiology and infection2018

An outbreak of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli O157:H7 associated with contaminated salad leaves: epidemiological, genomic and food trace back investigations.

A F W Mikhail, C Jenkins, T J Dallman, T Inns, A Douglas, A I C Martín, A Fox, P Cleary, R Elson, J Hawker

Erratum issuedAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Epidemiology and infection, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 37 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
37citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

37 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Reasons for difficulties in isolating the causative organism during food-borne outbreak investigations using STEC as a model pathogen: a systematic review, 2000 to 2019.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2024
    Pooled it
  2. Whole-Genome Sequencing ofMicroorganisms · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Mind the gap! TypingMicrobial genomics · 2026
    Article
  6. Article
  7. National outbreak of Shiga toxin-producingEpidemiology and infection · 2024
    Article
  8. An outbreak of Shiga toxin-producingEuro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2024
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Molecular investigation of ready-to-eat salads forFood and waterborne parasitology · 2023
    Article
  14. Review
  15. Review
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Survival ofFoods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

A F W MikhailNational Infection Service,Public Health England,London,UK.
C JenkinsNational Infection Service,Public Health England,London,UK.
T J DallmanNational Infection Service,Public Health England,London,UK.
T InnsField Epidemiology Services,Public Health England,London,UK.
A Douglas
A I C MartínEuropean Program for Intervention Epidemiology Training (EPIET), European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, (ECDC),Stockholm,Sweden.ORCID 0000-0002-8845-3447
A FoxNational Infection Service,Public Health England,London,UK.
P ClearyField Epidemiology Services,Public Health England,London,UK.
R ElsonNational Infection Service,Public Health England,London,UK.
J HawkerField Epidemiology Services,Public Health England,London,UK.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In August 2015, Public Health England detected an outbreak of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) serotype O157:H7 caused by contaminated salad leaves in a mixed leaf prepacked salad product from a national retailer. The implicated leaves were cultivated at five different farms and the zoonotic source of the outbreak strain was not determined. In March 2016, additional isolates from new cases were identified that shared a recent common ancestor with the outbreak strain. A case-case study involving the cases identified in 2016 revealed that ovine exposures were associated with illness (n = 16; AOR 8·24; 95% CI 1·55-39·74). By mapping the recent movement of sheep and lambs across the United Kingdom, epidemiological links were established between the cases reporting ovine exposures. Given the close phylogenetic relationship between the outbreak strain and the isolates from cases with ovine exposures, it is plausible that ovine faeces may have contaminated the salad leaves via untreated irrigation water or run-off from fields nearby. Timely and targeted veterinary and environmental sampling should be considered during foodborne outbreaks of STEC, particularly where ready to eat vegetables and salads are implicated.

Indexed as

Disease OutbreaksAdultAnimalsEscherichia coli InfectionsEscherichia coli O157FemaleFoodborne DiseasesFood MicrobiologyGenome, BacterialHumansLactucaMaleMultivariate AnalysisOdds RatioSheepShiga-Toxigenic Escherichia coliBacterial typingepidemiologypublic health microbiologyShiga-like toxin-producing E. colizoonotic foodborne diseases

Identifiers

PMID29248018
PMCPMC9134740

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.