ReviewCurrent opinion in immunology2018
Cytosolic sensing of immuno-stimulatory DNA, the enemy within.
Review in Current opinion in immunology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 66 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
66 citing papers in PubMed, 116 citations in OpenAlex.
- G-quadruplex structures as regulators of cellular processes and drivers of genome instability in cancer.Critical reviews in biochemistry and molecular biology · 2026Review
- Host mitochondrial DNA in bacterial pathogenesis: Friend, Foe, or Both?Archives of microbiology · 2026Review
- Deoxyguanosine kinase deficiency couples purine metabolism to innate immune activation and lipid accumulation in hepatocytes.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Therapeutic and Pharmacological Flexibility of Cinnamoyl Compounds: Targeting Multiple Signaling Pathways.Mini reviews in medicinal chemistry · 2026Review
- Activation of APOBEC3 cytidine deaminases and endogenous retroviruses is integrated by MUC1-C in NSCLC cells.Cell death discovery · 2025Article
- Gene therapy enhances deoxyribonuclease I treatment in antimyeloperoxidase glomerulonephritis.JCI insight · 2025Article
- GNB4 Silencing Promotes Pyroptosis to Inhibit the Development of Glioma by Activating cGAS-STING Pathway.Molecular biotechnology · 2025Article
- LINE-1 retrotransposon activation drives age-associated inflammationContemporary oncology (Poznan, Poland) · 2025Review
- Crosstalk of pyroptosis and cytokine in the tumor microenvironment: from mechanisms to clinical implication.Molecular cancer · 2024Review
- Role of the Innate Immune Response in Glomerular Disease Pathogenesis: Focus on Podocytes.Cells · 2024Review
- Ataxia Telengectesia Protein Influences Bleomycin-Induced DNA Damage in Human Fibroblast Cells.Cell biochemistry and biophysics · 2024Article
- Knockdown of CENPM activates cGAS-STING pathway to inhibit ovarian cancer by promoting pyroptosis.BMC cancer · 2024Article
- The activation of the adaptor protein STING depends on its interactions with the phospholipid PI4P.Science signaling · 2024Article
- TBK1 is paradoxical in tumor development: a focus on the pathway mediating IFN-I expression.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Alternative splicing of IRF3 plays an important role in the development of hepatocarcinoma.Epigenetics · 2023Article
- Mitochondrial Dysfunction-Associated Mechanisms in the Development of Chronic Liver Diseases.Biology · 2023Review
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors, Small-Molecule Immunotherapies and the Emerging Role of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Therapeutic Strategies for Head and Neck Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Macrophage phagocytosis of SARS-CoV-2-infected cells mediates potent plasmacytoid dendritic cell activation.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2023Article
- Brief report: STING expressed in tumor and non-tumor compartments has distinct roles in regulating anti-tumor immunity.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2023Article
- The Mystery of Cancer Resistance: A Revelation Within Nature.Journal of molecular evolution · 2023Review
6 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
In the cytoplasm, DNA is sensed as a universal danger signal by the innate immune system. Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) is a cytosolic DNA sensor/enzyme that catalyzes formation of 2'-5'-cGAMP, an atypical cyclic di-nucleotide second messenger that binds and activates the Stimulator of Interferon Genes (STING), resulting in recruitment of Tank Binding Kinase 1 (TBK1), activation of the transcription factor Interferon Regulatory Factor 3 (IRF3), and trans-activation of innate immune response genes, including type I Interferon cytokines (IFN-I). Activation of the pro-inflammatory cGAS-STING-IRF3 response is triggered by direct recognition of the DNA genomes of bacteria and viruses, but also during RNA virus infection, neoplastic transformation, tumor immunotherapy and systemic auto-inflammatory diseases. In these circumstances, the source of immuno-stimulatory DNA has often represented a fundamental yet poorly understood aspect of the response. This review focuses on recent findings related to cGAS activation by an array of self-derived DNA substrates, including endogenous retroviral elements, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and micronuclei generated as a result of genotoxic stress and DNA damage. These findings emphasize the role of the cGAS axis as a cell-intrinsic innate immune response to a wide variety of genomic insults.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.