ArticlePloS one2017
Involvement of phenoloxidase in browning during grinding of Tenebrio molitor larvae.
Article in PloS one, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 15 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Quality assessment of yellow mealworm (Tenebrio molitor L.) powders processed by pulsed electric field and convective drying.Scientific reports · 2024Article
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- First Optimization of Tomato Pomace in Diets forInsects · 2023Article
- Optimization of the Heat-Drying Conditions of Drone Pupae by Response Surface Methodology (RSM).Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Safety of UV-treated powder of whole yellow mealworm (EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2023Article
- Review
- Safety of frozen and freeze-dried formulations of the lesser mealworm (EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2022Article
- Safety of frozen and dried formulations from whole yellow mealworm (EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2021Article
- Safety of dried yellow mealworm (EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2021Article
- Iron-polyphenol complexes cause blackening upon grinding Hermetia illucens (black soldier fly) larvae.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Development of a new method for collecting hemolymph and measuring phenoloxidase activity in Tribolium castaneum.BMC research notes · 2019Article
- Correction: Involvement of phenoloxidase in browning during grinding of Tenebrio molitor larvae.PloS one · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Insects are investigated as alternative protein source to meet the increasing demand for proteins in the future. Enzymatic browning occurring during grinding of insect and subsequent extraction of proteins can influence the proteins' properties, but it is unclear which enzymes are responsible for this phenomenon. This study was performed on larvae of three commonly used insect species, namely Tenebrio molitor, Alphitobius diaperinus and Hermetia illucens. Oxygen consumption measurements on protein extracts showed activity on L-tyrosine, L-3,4-di-hydroxy-phenylalanine (L-DOPA) and L-dopamine, indicating phenoloxidase as a key player in browning. Furthermore, no reaction on 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) was observed, ruling out an important contribution of laccase to browning. The browning reaction was most prominent at pH 6 for T. molitor and A. diaperinus, and 7 for H. illucens. As the enzyme activity of H. illucens was the lowest with the darkest color formation, this was likely caused by another factor. The activity of phenoloxidase was confirmed for T. molitor and A. diaperinus by activity measurements after fractionation by anion-exchange chromatography. Color measurements showed the presence of activity on both L-DOPA and L-tyrosine in the same fractions. Both substrates were converted into dopachrome after incubation with enzyme-enriched fractions. No DOPA-decarboxylase, tyrosine hydroxylase and peroxidase activities were observed. By using native PAGE with L-DOPA as staining-solution, active T. molitor protein bands were resolved and characterized, identifying a tyrosinase/phenoloxidase as the active enzyme species. All together, these data confirmed that tyrosinase is an important enzyme in causing enzymatic browning in T. molitor and likely in A. diaperinus.
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