ArticleThe journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences2018
The Historical Progression From ADL Scrutiny to IADL to Advanced ADL: Assessing Functional Status in the Earliest Stages of Dementia.
Article in The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Cross-sectional and prospective association between personality traits and IADL/ADL limitations.Psychology and aging · 2021Pooled it
- Community health workers supporting diverse family caregivers of persons with dementia: Preliminary qualitative results from a randomized home-based study.Dementia (London, England) · 2025Trial
- Partnering a Compensatory Application with Activity-Aware Prompting to Improve Use in Individuals with Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Clinical Trial.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2022Trial
- Modernising functional independence measurement: Validation of a Contemporary Extended Activities of Daily Living scale in a mixed sample.Clinical rehabilitation · 2026Article
- Influence of sarcopenia on functional independence and depression in older adults: a cross-sectional study.Journal of exercise rehabilitation · 2026Article
- Towards a Multidimensional Model of Neurocognitive Disorders (MOND Model): Integrating Evidence from a Critical Review into a Model for Future Research.Journal of personalized medicine · 2026Review
- Digital neuropsychological assessment-Part 2: Relations with cardiovascular risk and informant ratings of neurocognitive decline, functional disabilities, and psychiatric symptoms.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2026Article
- Functional capacity in Peruvian people with Alzheimer's disease and frontotemporal dementia.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025Article
- Precision neurocognition: An emerging diagnostic paradigm leveraging digital cognitive assessment technology.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2025Review
- Early identification of cognitive impairment in older adults from Advanced Activities of Daily Living (AADL): A scoping review.Public health · 2025Article
- Interrelationships of Social Determinants with Cognition, Vascular Health, and Physical Functioning.Alzheimer's & dementia. Behavior & socioeconomics of aging · 2025Article
- Prediction of dementia risk by instrumental activities of daily living limitations and its impact on dementia onset in combination with mild cognitive impairment: a population-based longitudinal study.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Impact of functional level on cognitive function in adults aged 45 and older than 45 years in the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging.Australasian journal on ageing · 2025Article
- Examining the Cognitive Underpinnings of Functional Decline in Prodromal Alzheimer's Disease: Insights From the Details of Functions of Everyday Life (DoFEL) Scale.Journal of aging research · 2025Article
- Care Need, Caregiver Availability, and Care Receipt: Variations Across Countries and Over Time in Three Middle-Income Countries.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2024Article
- The Role of Functional Deficits, Depression, and Cognitive Symptoms in the Perceived Loneliness of Older Adults in Mexico City.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Article
- Latent transition analysis of instrumental activities of daily living in Chinese elderly: based on the 2014-2018 wave of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey.BMC geriatrics · 2024Article
- A Multidimensional, Person-Centered Framework for Functional Assessment in Dementia: Insights from the 'What', 'How', 'To Whom', and 'How Much' Questions.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2024Review
- Dysexecutive difficulty and subtle everyday functional disabilities: the digital Trail Making Test.Frontiers in neurology · 2024Article
- Trajectories of cognitive and perceived functional decline in people with dementia: Findings from the IDEAL programme.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
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Abstract
Background: Decrements in instrumental activities (IADL) have been observed in the prodromal phase of dementia. Given the long predementia stage in neurodegenerative diseases, it has been proposed that subtle functional changes may precede clinical IADL impairment. Incorporating more challenging advanced ADLs (eg, volunteer work) into the assessment process may increase the sensitivity of functional measures, thus expanding the window for monitoring or interventions. Methods: Longitudinal cohort study was used (follow-ups, 18-24 month), with subjects aged 60 and older (n = 3,635). To elucidate the relationship between cognitive ability and functional status we employed an IADL scale with an extended range (ADL-extended; includes IADL but also more challenging advanced ADLs) that meets item response theory properties of dimensionality, monotonicity, and item hierarchy. Procedures involved (a) a dynamic change model employed to inspect the temporal relationship between ADL-extended and cognitive status and (b) Cox proportional hazards to assess the risk of incident dementia based on ADL-extended scores. Results: Growth curve modeling: baseline ADL-extended was significantly associated with all four cognitive domains investigated. Worse baseline ADL-extended was associated with more rapid declines in speed/executive function, and worse baseline memory was associated with more rapid declines in ADL-extended; a concurrent association was found for language and ADL-extended. Cox model: the risk of dementia was decreased for each additional ADL-extended item endorsed (hazard ratio [HR], 0.85; 95% confidence interval = 0.81-0.90). Conclusions: An increased risk of dementia could be observed in the ADL-extended items, which reflects an area of the functional continuum beyond IADL competencies.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.