Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29243029›Full record

ReviewNeurology and therapy2018

Vitamin D and Multiple Sclerosis: A Comprehensive Review.

Martina B Sintzel, Mark Rametta, Anthony T Reder

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Neurology and therapy, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 221 papers, 12 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
221citing papers in PubMed, 12 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

221 citing papers in PubMed, 12 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Smoking and disability outcomes in multiple sclerosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2026
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161 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Martina B SintzelMedical Communication Services, Erlenbach, Zurich, Switzerland.
Mark RamettaBayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals, Whippany, NJ, USA.
Anthony T RederDepartment of Neurology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA. areder@neurology.bsd.uchicago.edu.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Numerous observational studies have suggested that there is a correlation between the level of serum vitamin D and MS risk and disease activity. To explore this hypothesis, a literature search of large, prospective, observation studies, epidemiological studies, and studies using new approaches such as Mendelian randomization was conducted. Available data and ongoing research included in this review suggest that the level of serum vitamin D affects the risk of developing MS and also modifies disease activity in MS patients. Newer Mendelian randomization analyses suggest there is a causal relationship between low vitamin D level and the risk of MS. Post-hoc evaluations from two phase 3 studies, BENEFIT and BEYOND, support the findings of observational trials. Study limitations identified in this review recognize the need for larger controlled clinical trials to establish vitamin D supplementation as the standard of care for MS patients. Though there is increasing evidence indicating that lower vitamin D levels are associated with increased risk of MS and with greater clinical and brain MRI activity in established MS, the impact of vitamin D supplementation on MS activity remains inadequately investigated.

Indexed as

Autoimmune diseaseHealth outcomesMendelian randomizationMultiple sclerosisOptic neuritisPregnancyRelapsing-remitting MS (RRMS)SupplementationVitamin D

Identifiers

PMID29243029
PMCPMC5990512

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.