ArticleThe American journal of pathology2018
Late Disseminated Lyme Disease: Associated Pathology and Spirochete Persistence Posttreatment in Rhesus Macaques.
Article in The American journal of pathology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 80 citations in OpenAlex.
- Testing the capacity of humanized immune system mice to induce a protective antibody response against the Lyme disease pathogen.Microbiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Characterization ofMicroorganisms · 2026Article
- Arresting spirochetes: nonthermal extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field exposure suppressesFrontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Aspects of the Immunopathogenesis of Lyme Arthritis.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- Extravasation of Borrelia burgdorferi Across the Blood-Brain Barrier is an Extremely Rare Event.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Hitchhiker's Guide toJournal of bacteriology · 2024Review
- Suppression of host humoral immunity byInfection and immunity · 2024Article
- Direct Detection of Borrelia Species in Tissues.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2024Article
- Development of Organoids to Study Infectious Host Interactions.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2024Article
- Unguarded liabilities:Frontiers in antibiotics · 2024Article
- Pathogenicity and virulence ofVirulence · 2023Review
- The In Vitro Antimicrobial Susceptibility ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Article
- Lyme disease and the pursuit of a clinical cure.Frontiers in medicine · 2023Review
- Cellular and transcriptome signatures unveiled by single-cell RNA-Seq followingFrontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Superior efficacy of combination antibiotic therapy versus monotherapy in a mouse model of Lyme disease.Frontiers in microbiology · 2023Article
- Persistent Borrelia burgdorferiClinical microbiology reviews · 2022Review
- Article
- Review
- Does Dementia Have a Microbial Cause?NeuroSci · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Nonhuman primates currently serve as the best experimental model for Lyme disease because of their close genetic homology with humans and demonstration of all three phases of disease after infection with Borrelia burgdorferi. We investigated the pathology associated with late disseminated Lyme disease (12 to 13 months after tick inoculation) in doxycycline-treated (28 days; 5 mg/kg, oral, twice daily) and untreated rhesus macaques. Minimal to moderate lymphoplasmacytic inflammation, with a predilection for perivascular spaces and collagenous tissues, was observed in multiple tissues, including the cerebral leptomeninges, brainstem, peripheral nerves from both fore and hind limbs, stifle synovium and perisynovial adipose tissue, urinary bladder, skeletal muscle, myocardium, and visceral pericardium. Indirect immunofluorescence assays that combined monoclonal (outer surface protein A) and polyclonal antibodies were performed on all tissue sections that contained inflammation. Rare morphologically intact spirochetes were observed in the brains of two treated rhesus macaques, the heart of one treated rhesus macaque, and adjacent to a peripheral nerve of an untreated animal. Borrelia antigen staining of probable spirochete cross sections was also observed in heart, skeletal muscle, and near peripheral nerves of treated and untreated animals. These findings support the notion that chronic Lyme disease symptoms can be attributable to residual inflammation in and around tissues that harbor a low burden of persistent host-adapted spirochetes and/or residual antigen.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.