Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29240402›Full record

ArticleACS chemical biology2018

Structural Basis of ALDH1A2 Inhibition by Irreversible and Reversible Small Molecule Inhibitors.

Yan Chen, Jin-Yi Zhu, Kwon Ho Hong, David C Mikles, Gunda I Georg, Alex S Goldstein, John K Amory, Ernst Schönbrunn

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in ACS chemical biology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
43citing papers in PubMed
2.2field-weighted citation impact, top 11% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

43 citing papers in PubMed, 91 citations in OpenAlex.

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  11. Non-hormonal Contraception: Current and Emerging Targets.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2025
    Review
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  18. Targeting nuclear receptor corepressors for reversible male contraception.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024
    Article
  19. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Yan ChenDrug Discovery Department , Moffitt Cancer Center , Tampa , Florida 33612 , United States.
Jin-Yi ZhuDrug Discovery Department , Moffitt Cancer Center , Tampa , Florida 33612 , United States.
Kwon Ho HongDepartment of Medicinal Chemistry and Institute for Therapeutics Discovery and Development, College of Pharmacy , University of Minnesota , Minneapolis , Minnesota 55414 , United States.
David C MiklesDrug Discovery Department , Moffitt Cancer Center , Tampa , Florida 33612 , United States.
Gunda I GeorgDepartment of Medicinal Chemistry and Institute for Therapeutics Discovery and Development, College of Pharmacy , University of Minnesota , Minneapolis , Minnesota 55414 , United States.ORCID 0000-0002-8900-9460
Alex S GoldsteinFocused Scientific Inc. , Newcastle , Washington 98059 , United States.
John K AmoryDepartment of Medicine , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195 , United States.
Ernst SchönbrunnDrug Discovery Department , Moffitt Cancer Center , Tampa , Florida 33612 , United States.ORCID 0000-0002-3589-3510
Moffitt Cancer Center · USUniversity of Minnesota · USUniversity of Washington · US

Funding

TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCHP30CA076292 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH FLORIDA · PI KENNETH Lynn WRIGHT · 1998 to 2026
$93.5M
Spermatogonial Stem Cell Self-Renewal and DifferentiationU54HD042454 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI PAGE, STEPHANIE T · 2002 to 2016
$26.9M
NCI NIH HHS P30 CA076292NICHD NIH HHS U54 HD042454
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Enzymes of the ALDH1A subfamily of aldehyde dehydrogenases are crucial in regulating retinoic acid (RA) signaling and have received attention as potential drug targets. ALDH1A2 is the primary RA-synthesizing enzyme in mammalian spermatogenesis and is therefore considered a viable drug target for male contraceptive development. However, only a small number of ALDH1A2 inhibitors have been reported, and information on the structure of ALDH1A2 was limited to the NAD-liganded enzyme void of substrate or inhibitors. Herein, we describe the mechanism of action of structurally unrelated reversible and irreversible inhibitors of human ALDH1A2 using direct binding studies and X-ray crystallography. All inhibitors bind to the active sites of tetrameric ALDH1A2. Compound WIN18,446 covalently reacts with the side chain of the catalytic residue Cys320, resulting in a chiral adduct in ( R) configuration. The covalent adduct directly affects the neighboring NAD molecule, which assumes a contracted conformation suboptimal for the dehydrogenase reaction. The reversible inhibitors interact predominantly through direct hydrogen bonding interactions with residues in the vicinity of Cys320 without affecting NAD. Upon interaction with inhibitors, a large flexible loop assumes regular structure, thereby shielding the active site from solvent. The precise knowledge of the binding modes provides a new framework for the rational design of novel inhibitors of ALDH1A2 with improved potency and selectivity profiles.

Indexed as

Drug DesignAldehyde Dehydrogenase 1 FamilyBinding SitesContraceptive Agents, MaleCrystallography, X-RayEnzyme InhibitorsHumansHydrogen BondingProtein ConformationRetinal DehydrogenaseSignal TransductionTretinoinAldehyde Dehydrogenase 1 FamilyALDH1A2 protein, humanContraceptive Agents, MaleEnzyme InhibitorsRetinal DehydrogenaseTretinoin

Identifiers

PMID29240402
PMCPMC6089219
OpenAlexW2774166253

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.