ArticleSmall (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)2018
A 3D Real-Scale, Biomimetic, and Biohybrid Model of the Blood-Brain Barrier Fabricated through Two-Photon Lithography.
Article in Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany), 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 79 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
79 citing papers in PubMed.
- HumanBioactive materials · 2026Article
- A review of organ-on-chip fabrication methods: From early developments to overcoming inert barriers.iScience · 2025Review
- High-throughput impedance monitoring in 3D tumor cultures: a multiplex, microfluidic-free platform for drug screening.Lab on a chip · 2025Article
- Augmented 3D Printing for Multiscale Microphysiological Systems.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2025Review
- Engineering multifunctional surface topography to regulate multiple biological responses.Biomaterials · 2025Review
- A Versatile Platform for Designing and Fabricating Multi-Material Perfusable 3D Microvasculatures.Micromachines · 2025Article
- Recent advances in biomimetic nanodelivery systems for the treatment of depression.Materials today. Bio · 2025Review
- Closed-loop rehabilitation of upper-limb dyskinesia after stroke: from natural motion to neuronal microfluidics.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2025Review
- Hybrid Metasurface for On-Chip Enrichment and Quantification of Biological Samples.ACS applied materials & interfaces · 2025Article
- 3D nanoprinting of PDMS microvessels with tailored tortuosity and microporosityLab on a chip · 2025Article
- Two-photon absorption under few-photon irradiation for optical nanoprinting.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Engineered Cell Microenvironments: A Benchmark Tool for Radiobiology.ACS applied materials & interfaces · 2025Review
- Advances in 3D bioprinting for modeling the blood-brain barrier in neurodegenerative diseases.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2025Review
- Biomaterials for neuroengineering: applications and challenges.Regenerative biomaterials · 2025Review
- Organ-on-a-Chip Models-New Possibilities in Experimental Science and Disease Modeling.Biomolecules · 2024Review
- On-chip fabrication of tailored 3D hydrogel scaffolds to model cancer cell invasion and interaction with endothelial cells.APL bioengineering · 2024Article
- Tissue-Engineered Microvessels: A Review of Current Engineering Strategies and Applications.Advanced healthcare materials · 2024Review
- Blood-Brain Barrier-Targeting Nanoparticles: Biomaterial Properties and Biomedical Applications in Translational Neuroscience.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Sensor-integrated brain-on-a-chip platforms: Improving the predictive validity in neurodegenerative research.Bioengineering & translational medicine · 2024Review
- Direct laser writing-enabled 3D printing strategies for microfluidic applications.Lab on a chip · 2024Review
19 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The investigation of the crossing of exogenous substances through the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is object of intensive research in biomedicine, and one of the main obstacles for reliable in vitro evaluations is represented by the difficulties at the base of developing realistic models of the barrier, which could resemble as most accurately as possible the in vivo environment. Here, for the first time, a 1:1 scale, biomimetic, and biohybrid BBB model is proposed. Microtubes inspired to the brain capillaries were fabricated through two-photon lithography and used as scaffolds for the co-culturing of endothelial-like bEnd.3 and U87 glioblastoma cells. The constructs show the maturation of tight junctions, good performances in terms of hindering dextran diffusion through the barrier, and a satisfactory trans-endothelial electrical resistance. Moreover, a mathematical model is developed, which assists in both the design of the 3D microfluidic chip and its characterization. Overall, these results show the effective formation of a bioinspired cellular barrier based on microtubes reproducing brain microcapillaries to scale. This system will be exploited as a realistic in vitro model for the investigation of BBB crossing of nanomaterials and drugs, envisaging therapeutic and diagnostic applications for several brain pathologies, including brain cancer.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.