ArticleElectronic physician2017
The effect of perineal massage during the second stage of birth on nulliparous women perineal: A randomization clinical trial.
Article in Electronic physician, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05114811 (Effects of Perineal Massage During Pregnancy on Women's Health), which is not on this map. Cited by 8 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effects of Perineal Massage During Pregnancy on Women's Health
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparative effectiveness of physical interventions for preventing perineal trauma during vaginal delivery: a systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Pooled it
- How do midwives facilitate women to give birth during physiological second stage of labour? A systematic review.PloS one · 2020Pooled it
- The Effectiveness of Massage and Warm Compresses on Perineal Trauma, Hemorrhage, Length of Episiotomy and Pain: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Zeitschrift fur Geburtshilfe und Neonatologie · 2026Trial
- Effectiveness of manual lymphatic drainage vs. perineal massage in secundigravida women with gestational oedema: A randomised clinical trial.International wound journal · 2020Trial
- Efficacy of perineal massage in second stage of labour for prevention of perineal trauma: a randomized controlled trial.Maternal health, neonatology and perinatology · 2026Article
- Effectiveness of Intrapartum Perineal Massage in Preventing Perineal Trauma in Nulliparous Women During the Second Stage of Labour: A Randomised Controlled Trial.Obstetrics and gynecology international · 2025Article
- Effect of Perineal Massage on the Rate of Episiotomy.Journal of family & reproductive health · 2019Article
- Effect of Perineal Massage with Ostrich Oil on the Episiotomy and Lacerations in Nulliparous Women: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.Iranian journal of nursing and midwifery researchArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundChildbirth and puerperium are of the most important periods in women's lives and can affect different aspects of their lives.
objectiveTo determine the effect of perineal massage in the second stage of labor on perineal lacerations, episiotomy, and perineal pain in nulliparous women.
methodsThis randomization clinical trial was conducted at Be'sat Hospital in Sanandaj, Iran, from 2013 to 2014. A total of 195 nulliparous women were included in the study. The participants were selected through convenience sampling, and randomly assigned to two groups: intervention and control groups. The intervention group received 30-minute perineal massage during second stage of labor. Subsequently, we analyzed perineal laceration, episiotomy, and perineal pain among the two groups. All of them were taught about postpartum perineal pain and its severity, and the researcher followed them up 3 days, 10 days, and 3 months after childbirth by telephone. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 18. We used descriptive statistics and analytical statistics, including t test, Chi-square test, and Fisher's test.
resultsFrequency of episiotomy was 69.47% in the intervention group and 92.31% in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.05). The results revealed 23.16% of first-degree perineal laceration and 2.11% of second-degree perineal laceration in the intervention group, and no vestibular laceration or third- and fourth-degree lacerations in the intervention group. However, there were 5.13% of vestibular laceration, 7.69% of first-degree laceration, 2.56% of second-degree laceration, and 1.05% of third-degree laceration (one woman) in the control group. Based on the results, the postpartum perineal pain was significantly different in both groups.
conclusionRegarding the results of this study and those of other studies, perineal massage during the second stage of labor can reduce the need to episiotomy, perineal injuries, and perineal pain.
trial registrationThe trial was registered at the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (http://www.irct.ir) with the Irct.ID: IRCT2013090314556N1.
fundingThis study received by financial support of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.